TAILIEUCHUNG - Báo cáo Y học: Ascidian arrestin (Ci-arr), the origin of the visual and nonvisual arrestins of vertebrate

Arrestin is one of the key proteins for the termination of G protein signaling. ActivatedG protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are specifically phosphorylatedby G protein-coupledreceptor kinases (GRKs) and then bindto arrestins to preclude the receptor/G protein interaction, resulting in quenching of the following signal transduction. Vertebrates possess two types of arrestin; visual arrestin expressed exclusively in photoreceptor cells in retinae andpineal organs, andb-arrestin, which is expressedubiquitously | Eur. J. Biochem. 269 5112-5118 2002 FEBS 2002 doi PRIORITY PAPER Ascidian arrestin Ci-arr the origin of the visual and nonvisual arrestins of vertebrate Masashi Nakaaawa1 Hidefumi Orii1. Norihiro Yoshida2 Eri Jojima3. Takeo Horie1 Reiko Yoshida1 Tatsuya Haga3 and Motoyuki Tsuda1 1 Department of Life Science Graduate School of Science Himeji Institute of Technology Kamigori Akoh-Gun Hyogo Japan department of Neurochemistry Faculty of Medicine The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Japan 3Institute for Biomolecular Science Faculty of Science Gakushuin University Toshima-ku Tokyo Japan Arrestin is one of the key proteins for the termination of G protein signaling. Activated G prole in-co up led receolors GPCRs are specifically phosphorylated by G pl olein-coopled recepor kinases GRKs and then bled to arsti tins to preclode the receptor G protein interaction resolting in quenching of the following signal transdoction. Vertebrates possess two types of arrestin visoal arrestin expressed exclosively in photoreceptor cells in retinae and pinaal organs and P-arrestin which is expressed ubiquitously. Unlike visoal arrestin P-arrestin contains the clathrin-binding domain at the C-terminos responsible for the agonist-indocrd internalization of GPCRs. Here we isolated a novel arrestin gene Ci-arr from the primitive chordate the ascidian Ciona intestinalis larvae. The dedocrd amino acidseqoence soggests that Ci-Arr be closely relatedto vertebrate arrestins. Interestingly this arrestin has the feature of both visual and P-arrestin. Whereas the expression of Ci-arr was restrictedto the photoreceptors in the larvae similarly to visoal arrestin the gene prodoct containing the clathrin-binding domain promoted the GPCR internalization in HEK293tsA201 cells similarly to P-arrestin. The phylogenetic tree shows that Ci-Arr is branchedfrom a common root of visual and P-arrestins. Southern analysis soggests that the Ciona genome contains only one gene for the .

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