TAILIEUCHUNG - Ethnoveterinary medicine against poultry diseases in African villages

"There's a railway line that runs from one side of Qinghai Lake and there's a road that goes to the other side. If you look at the movements of H5N1, they don't seem to tie in with migratory bird routes for the simple reason they seem to follow the Trans-Siberian railway." "Lots of people don't realize that there's movement of poultry from one country to another, even to Nigeria, where we've got bird flu. People are transporting all sorts of poultry meat." (Lyn 2006). There is also a fish farm in the vicinity of Qinghai Lake; in integrated. | -ỊẠ Qứokị . . C90 Ethnoveterinary medicine against poultry diseases in African villages . GUÈYE Senegalese Institute of Agricultural Research ISRA . Box 2057 Dakar-Hann Senegal The high incidence of disease is of the major constraints to smallholder poultry production systems in Africa. In order to control various poultry diseases ethnoveterinary medicine is widely practised by poor village farmers. Natural products especially those which are locally available are generally used. The use of ethnoveterinary medicine be considered sustainable as it is economical culturally acceptable and ecologically sound. Although village poultry farmers that these practices are effective there is an urgent need for applied research to substantiate their assertions. Keywords Africa ethnoveterinary medicine disease plant poultry village Introduction Smallholder poultry production systems which are in African rural have been previously described by various workers Sonaiya 1990a Guèye and Bessei 1996 Guèye 1998 . Birds kept under these conditions experience high mortality resulting from accidents predation and disease. However the high incidence of disease is of the principal constraints to these production systems Chabeuf 1990 Sonaiya 1990b Guèye The generally resource-poor village poultry farmers in Africa do not have money for or access to chemical medicines or to other effective control measures. They rely on ancestral indigenous knowledge to control various poultry diseases Bizimana 1994 Guèye 1997 . In ethnoveterinary medicine natural products especially those of plant origin are generally used for the treatment and or in some cases the prevention of disease. This paper reviews selected published field on the use of EVM in poultry husbandry systems in Africa. Only those ethnoveterinary practices that are considered by village farmers to be and effective have been included. Present address Livestock Production Systems Group Animal Production and Health Division

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