TAILIEUCHUNG - Poultry health and disease control in developing countries

The generation line of broiler comes from pure line, which is imported. This produces grand parents for parent stocks and parent stock end up in producing the final product. The farmers get day old broiler from hatcheries. These hatcheries maintain their breeder farms, or in some cases, purchase their hatching eggs from breeder farms. These breeder farms depend on producers of parent stock. Poultry feed mills are the major player in the poultry industry, which produce a specific formula feed mix. Poultry feed consists of rich protein elements like grains, gluten, blood meal, fishmeal and soyabean meal. The major component of. | FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS POULTRY DEVELOPMENT REVIEW Poultry health and disease control in developing countries Trevor J. Bagust Department of Avian Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Melbourne Australia INTRODUCTION In the last half century significant increases in the productivity of modern poultry stocks have been achieved for both the meat and the egg production sectors of the global poultry industry. Synergies have resulted from advances made in all the major activities of poultry management and housing nutrition and ration formulation applying poultry genetics knowledge in commercial breeding programmes and better diagnosis and control of avian diseases. Of all these core elements poultry health and disease can be the least predictable. Although poultry diseases from nutritional and metabolic causes can be of concern the emphasis in this information note is on controlling diseases that are caused by infectious agents which can exert damaging - and sometimes immediate - negative effects on the profitability of commercial operations. The development of an intensive poultry industry in many of the countries discussed here depends on the growth in number and size of small and medium-sized commercial poultry operations. The emphasis in this review is therefore primarily on optimizing poultry health for this scale of operations. Because of the importance of small-scale village-based production units in many developing countries however the poultry health implications for and from such flocks are also included. POULTRY DISEASES PATHOGENS AND THEIR COSTS TO PRODUCTION SYSTEMS Pathogens are disease-causing microorganisms and include various bacteria viruses and protozoa. A specific pathogen is a microbe that is able to cause a specific disease following inoculation of a susceptible host chicken with a purified culture. For example avian health research has shown that ILT virus is the sole cause of the poultry respiratory

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