TAILIEUCHUNG - Báo cáo khoa học: "Robust Temporal Processing of News"

We introduce an annotation scheme for temporal expressions, and describe a method for resolving temporal expressions in print and broadcast news. The system, which is based on both hand-crafted and machine-learnt rules, achieves an accuracy (Fmeasure) against hand-annotated data. Some initial steps towards tagging event chronologies are also described. | Robust Temporal Processing of News Inderjeet Mani and George Wilson The MITRE Corporation W640 11493 Sunset Hills Road Reston Virginia 22090 imani gwilson @ Abstract We introduce an annotation scheme for temporal expressions and describe a method for resolving temporal expressions in print and broadcast news. The system which is based on both hand-crafted and machine-learnt rules achieves an accuracy F-measure against hand-annotated data. Some initial steps towards tagging event chronologies are also described. Introduction The extraction of temporal information from news offers many interesting linguistic challenges in the coverage and representation of temporal expressions. It is also of considerable practical importance in a variety of current applications. For example in question-answering it is useful to be able to resolve the underlined reference in the next year he won the Open in response to a question like When did X win the . Open . In multidocument summarization providing finegrained chronologies of events over time . for a biography of a person or a history of a crisis can be very useful. In information retrieval being able to index broadcast news stories by event times allows for powerful multimedia browsing capabilities. Our focus here in contrast to previous work such as MUC 1998 is on resolving time expressions especially indexical expressions like now today tomorrow next Tuesday two weeks ago 20 mins after the next hour etc. which designate times that are dependent on the speaker and some reference time1. In this paper we discuss a temporal annotation scheme for representing dates and times in temporal expressions. This is followed by details and performance measures for a tagger to extract this information from news sources. The tagger uses a variety of hand-crafted and machine-discovered rules all of which rely on lexical features that are easily recognized. We also report on a preliminary effort towards constructing event .

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