TAILIEUCHUNG - Báo cáo khoa học: "Automating Temporal Annotation with TARSQI"

or as a means to alleviate the tasks of human annotators. Parts of it have been intergrated in Tango, a graphical annotation environment for event ordering (Verhagen and Knippen, Forthcoming). The system is set up as a cascade of modules that successively add more and more TimeML annotation to a document. The input is assumed to be part-of-speech tagged and chunked. The overall system architecture is laid out in the diagram below. | Automating Temporal Annotation with TARSQI Marc Verhagen Inderjeet Mani Roser Sauri Robert Knippen Seok Bae Jang Jessica Littman Anna Rumshisky John Phillips James Pustejovsky f Department of Computer Science Brandeis University Waltham MA 02254 USA marc roser knippen jlittman arum jamesp @ ị Computational Linguistics Georgetown University Washington DC USA im5 sbj3 jbp24 @ Abstract We present an overview of TARSQI a modular system for automatic temporal annotation that adds time expressions events and temporal relations to news texts. 1 Introduction The TARSQI Project Temporal Awareness and Reasoning Systems for Question Interpretation aims to enhance natural language question answering systems so that temporally-based questions about the events and entities in news articles can be addressed appropriately. In order to answer those questions we need to know the temporal ordering of events in a text. Ideally we would have a total ordering of all events in a text. That is we want an event like marched in ethnic Albanians marched Sunday in downtown Istanbul to be not only temporally related to the nearby time expression Sunday but also ordered with respect to all other events in the text. We use TimeML Pustejovsky et al. 2003 Sauri et al. 2004 as an annotation language for temporal markup. TimeML marks time expressions with the TIMEX3 tag events with the EVENT tag and temporal links with the TLINK tag. In addition syntactic subordination of events which often has temporal implications can be annotated with the SLINK tag. A complete manual TimeML annotation is not feasible due to the complexity of the task and the sheer amount of news text that awaits processing. The TARSQI system can be used stand-alone or as a means to alleviate the tasks of human annotators. Parts of it have been intergrated in Tango a graphical annotation environment for event ordering Verhagen and Knippen Forthcoming . The system is set up as a cascade of modules that

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