TAILIEUCHUNG - Báo cáo khoa học: Hyperactive antifreeze protein in flounder species The sole freeze protectant in American plaice

The recent discovery of a large hyperactive antifreeze protein in the blood plasma of winter flounder has helped explain why this fish does not freeze in icy seawater. The previously known, smaller and much less active type I antifreeze proteins cannot by themselves protect the flounder down to the freezing point of seawater. | ềFEBS Journal Hyperactive antifreeze protein in flounder species The sole freeze protectant in American plaice Sherry Y. Gauthier1 Christopher B. Marshall1 Garth L. Fletcher3 and Peter L. Davies1 2 1 Department of Biochemistry Queen s University Kingston ON Canada 2 Protein Function Discovery Group Queen s University Kingston ON Canada 3 Ocean Sciences Centre MemorialUniversity of Newfoundland St. John s NF Canada Keywords alpha-helix antifreeze protein freezing point depression ice Correspondence P. L. Davies Department of Biochemistry and Protein Function Discovery Group Queen s University Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada Fax 1 613 5332497 Tel 1 613 5332983 E-mail daviesp@ Received 24 March 2005 revised 8 July 2005 accepted 12 July 2005 doi The recent discovery of a large hyperactive antifreeze protein in the blood plasma of winter flounder has helped explain why this fish does not freeze in icy seawater. The previously known smaller and much less active type I antifreeze proteins cannot by themselves protect the flounder down to the freezing point of seawater. The relationship between the large and small antifreezes has yet to be established but they do share alanine-richness 60 and extensive a-helicity. Here we have examined two other righteye flounder species for the presence of the hyperactive antifreeze which may have escaped prior detection because of its lability. Such a protein is indeed present in the yellowtail flounder judging by its size amino acid composition and N-terminal sequence along with the previously characterized type I antifreeze proteins. An ortholog is also present in American plaice based on the above criteria and its high specific antifreeze activity. This protein was purified and shown to be almost fully a-helical highly asymmetrical and susceptible to denaturation at room temperature. It is the only detectable antifreeze protein in the blood plasma of the American plaice. Because this species

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