TAILIEUCHUNG - Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 145

Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 145 provides a wide variety of perspectives on both traditional and more recent views of Earth's resources. It serves as a bridge connecting the domains of resource exploitation, environmentalism, geology, and biology, and it explains their interrelationships in terms that students and other nonspecialists can understand. The articles in this set are extremely diverse, with articles covering soil, fisheries, forests, aluminum, the Industrial Revolution, the . Department of the Interior, the hydrologic cycle, glass, and placer mineral deposits. . | 1346 Wind energy Global Resources The Green Mountain Energy Wind Farm at Brazos in Texas was completed in 2003 and contains 160 wind turbines. Energy from fossil fuels coal natural gas and oil was in abundance and had essentially displaced wind power. The Atomic Energy Act of 1954 allowed private companies to develop nuclear energy for peaceful purposes. However Europe was developing more wind-power technologies. For instance from 1956 to 1957 in Denmark JohannesJuul built the world s first alternating current AC wind turbine the very efficient Gedser wind turbine. The 1973 oil crisis the environmental movement and the dangers of atomic energy led to renewed interest in wind energy which is a renewable energy source. Electricity generated by renewable energy sources solar wind hydro geothermal and biomass energy is called green power. During the 1990 s wind power was one of the fastest-growing sources of energy. Wind Energy Technology When the Sun warms areas of the Earth at different rates and the various surfaces absorb or reflect the radiation differently there are differences in air pressure. As hot air rises cooler air comes in to replace it. Wind or air in motion is the result. Air has mass and moving air contains kinetic energy the energy of that motion. Windmills convert wind energy into mechanical power or electricity. The modern electricity windmills are called wind turbines or wind generators. In the wind turbine wind turns two or three propeller-like rotor blades which are the sails of the system. When the blades move energy is transferred to the rotor. The wind shaft is connected to the rotor s center so both the rotor and shaft spin. The rotational energy is thus transferred to the shaft which spins an electrical generator at the other end. The ability to generate electricity is measured in units of power called watts. A kilowatt represents 1 000 watts a megawatt is 1 million watts and a gigawatt represents 1 billion watts. Electricity consumption and

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