TAILIEUCHUNG - Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 109

Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 109 provides a wide variety of perspectives on both traditional and more recent views of Earth's resources. It serves as a bridge connecting the domains of resource exploitation, environmentalism, geology, and biology, and it explains their interrelationships in terms that students and other nonspecialists can understand. The articles in this set are extremely diverse, with articles covering soil, fisheries, forests, aluminum, the Industrial Revolution, the . Department of the Interior, the hydrologic cycle, glass, and placer mineral deposits. . | 1008 Remote sensing Global Resources ing seismic studies to decode the interior of the Earth sonar for probing the ocean floor and medicine using X rays and CAT scans. Remote sensing developed from several origins both scientific and technological. Technologically the telescope invented in the 1600 s and photography invented in the 1840 s were significant advances in our ability to remotely sense our environment. Then the discover y of energy frequencies beyond the familiar visible light in the 1860 s by James Clerk Maxwell 1831-1879 demonstrated that our eyes were fairly limited in gathering information that was available in the universe. Couple this with the aerial perspectives afforded by ballooning developed in the 1780 s flight 1900 s and space travel 1950 s and humanity s concept of its environment and universe changed dramatically. Early Earth Resources Satellites Remote sensing as a stand-alone discipline had a parallel development with the space race of the 1950 s and 1960 s. The advantages of a perspective from space became apparent with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration s NASA s April 1 1960 launch of TIROS 1 the Television Infrared Ob-ser vations Satellite whose mission was to obser ve weather patterns. The advantages to meteorologists and weather forecasting were obvious but there was other information to be garnered from these types of images. On July 23 1972 the first of a series of satellites Earth Resources Technology Satellite 1 ERTS-1 was launched with the specific mission of remotely sensing the Earth s surface. The success of this mission encouraged the launch of a succession of similar satellites with a different name the Landsat series. This ongoing effort has given the scientific community decades of continuous coverage of the Earth s surface. Passive vs. Active Sensors These satellites and others from private companies and governments other than that of the United States carry a variety of imaging scanners that look down on

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