TAILIEUCHUNG - Báo cáo khoa học: "Structural Grammars"

We adopt the view that the grammar of a language is a predictive theory which isolates the grammatical sentences of that language by means of immediate constituent analyses, morphophonemic conversions, and grammatical transformations. | Mechanical Translation and 2 November 1957 pp. 5-10 Structural Grammars - R. B. Lees Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts We adopt the view that the grammar of a language is a predictive theory which isolates the grammatical sentences of that language by means of immediate constituent analyses morphophonemic conversions and grammatical transformations. A sample grammatical analysis is given for the development of the verb phrase in German independent clauses. Simple rules are given for converting the verb phrase as a sequence of personal affixes various auxiliaries and the main verb into passive future or conditional clauses and then introducing word boundaries choosing the proper auxiliaries arranging the word-order and finally mapping the resulting morpheme sequence into the correct sequence of words in the independent clause. ANY reasonably general mechanized program for translating texts from one language into another can avoid dealing with each and every sentence as a completely new and arbitrary sequence of dictionary items only if it provides each source-language sentence with a grammatical analysis. Traditional notional or semantic-based grammatical descriptions are useless for this purpose since an analysis using such a grammar can be carried out only if the meanings of all of the constituents of the sentence are given. These meanings cannot be assumed one of the main purposes of a syntax program is to aid in determining them so that they can be transferred . translated into the appropriate target-language equivalents. Furthermore contemporary descriptive linguistic grammatical practice is also faulty especially when it is to be employed in a machine program for while the descriptive linguist no longer designates sentence constituents by means of meaning-labels but refers exclusively to their perceptible shapes the description is still largely ad hoc each particular grammatical .

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