TAILIEUCHUNG - Designing a Virtual Reality Model for Aesthetic Surgery

Ten incorrect diagrams were created by randomly changing the origin or destination of one relationship per diagram. The layouts of the incorrect diagrams were visually comparable to those of the correct diagrams: as we did not intend to analyse the responses to the incorrect diagrams, their layout was not important. However, it was, of course, important to include incorrect diagrams in the experimental set (so that the correct answer to each diagram presented was not the same), and for these incorrect diagrams to be visually comparable to the correct diagrams (so they could not be identified by mere visual pattern matching) | Cosmetic Designing a Virtual Reality Model for Aesthetic Surgery Darren M. Smith . Sherrell J. Aston . Court B. Cutting . Aaron Oliker . and Jeffrey Weinzweig . Providence . New York . and Burlington Mass. Background Aesthetic surgery deals in large part with the manipulation of soft-tissue structures that are not amenable to visualization by standard technologies. As a result accurate three-dimensional depictions of relevant surgical anatomy have yet to be developed. This study presents a method for the creation of detailed virtual reality models of anatomy relevant to aesthetic surgery. Methods Two-dimensional histologic sections of a cadaver from the National Library of Medicine s Visible Human Project were imported into Alias s Maya a computer modeling and animation software package. These two-dimensional data were then stacked as a series of vertical planes. Relevant anatomy was outlined in cross-section on each two-dimensional section and the resulting outlines were used to generate three-dimensional representations of the structures in Maya. Results A detailed and accurate threedimensional model of the soft tissues germane to aesthetic surgery was created. This model is optimized for use in surgical animation and can be modified for use in surgical simulators currently being developed. Conclusions A model of facial anatomy viewable from any angle in three-dimensional space was developed. The model has applications in medical education and with future work could play a role in surgi cal planning. This study emphasizes the role of three-dimensionalization of the soft tissues of the face in the evolution of aesthetic surgery. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 116 893 2005. The key soft-tissue anatomical players in aesthetic surgery of the face exist in threedimensional relationships difficult to visualize by conventional means. Two-dimensional modalities are necessarily inferior in an analysis of three-dimensional structures and standard .

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