TAILIEUCHUNG - Psychological Science: Attention and the Evolution of Hollywood Film

Popular American films penetrate nearly every aspect of contemporaryWestern life, and to an only somewhat lesser degreemost all cultures of the world. Historically, there are powerful sociological, cultural, economic, and even political reasons for this, but we would also argue thatHollywood-style filmhas evolved so that filmmakers havemore control over the attention of filmgoers (Smith 2006) and, in essence, the humanmind. One source of evidence concerns the changing pattern of shot lengths. These patterns have incrementally approached the fluctuations of human attention as demonstrated in the laboratory (Cutting et al 2010; Gilden 2001). That is, human attention over time, as revealed by a series of reaction times (RTs). | Psychological Science http Attention and the Evolution of Hollywood Film James E. Cutting Jordan E. DeLong and Christine E. Nothelfer Psychological Science published online 5 February 2010 DOI 0956797610361679 The online version of this article can be found at http content early 2010 02 04 0956797610361679 Published by SAGE http On behalf of PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE Association for Psychological Science Additional services and information for Psychological Science can be found at http content suppl 2010 02 05 Supp leme ntal Mate rial Email Alerts http cgi alerts Subscriptions http subscriptions Reprints http Permissions http Downloaded from by James Cutting on February 10 2010 Psychological Science OnlineFirst published on February 5 2010 as doi 0956797610361679 Research Article aps PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE Attention and the Evolution of Hollywood Film James E. Cutting1 Jordan E. DeLong1 and Christine E. Nothelfer2 Cornell University and 2University of California Berkeley Psychological Science xX X 1-8 The Author s 2010 Reprints and permission http www . DOI 0956797610361679 http SAGE Abstract Reaction times exhibit a spectral patterning known as 1 f and these patterns can be thought of as reflecting time-varying changes in attention. We investigated the shot structure of Hollywood films to determine if these same patterns are found. We parsed 150 films with release dates from 1935 to 2005 into their sequences of shots and then analyzed the pattern of shot lengths in each film. Autoregressive and power analyses showed that across that span of 70 years shots became increasingly more correlated in length with their neighbors and created power spectra approaching 1 f. We suggest .

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