TAILIEUCHUNG - Báo cáo khóa học: Genetic approaches to the cellular functions of polyamines in mammals

The polyamines putrescine, spermidine and spermine are organic cations shown to participate in a bewildering num-ber of cellular reactions, yet their exact functions in inter-mediary metabolism and specific interactions with cellular components remain largely elusive. Pharmacological inter-ventions have demonstrated convincingly that a steady supply of these compounds is a prerequisite for cell prolif-eration to occur. | Eur. J. Biochem. 271 877-894 2004 FEBS 2004 doi REVIEW ARTICLE Genetic approaches to the cellular functions of polyamines in mammals Juhani Janne Leena Alhonen Marko Pietila and Tuomo A. Keinanen . Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences University of Kuopio Kuopio Finland The polyamines putrescine spermidine and spermine are organic cations shown to participate in a bewildering number of cellular reactions yet their exact functions in intermediary metabolism and specific interactions with cellular components remain largely elusive. Pharmacological interventions have demonstrated convincingly that a steady supply of these compounds is a prerequisite for cell proliferation to occur. The last decade has witnessed the appearance of a substantial number of studies in which genetic engineering of polyamine metabolism in transgenic rodents has been employed to unravel their cellular functions. Transgenic activation of polyamine biosynthesis through an overexpression of their biosynthetic enzymes has assigned specific roles for these compounds in spermatogenesis skin physiology promotion of tumorigenesis and organ hypertrophy as well as neuronal protection. Transgenic activation of polyamine catabolism not only profoundly disturbs polyamine homeostasis in most tissues but also creates a complex phenotype afiecIing skin I emale Íertiii ty. Iat depots. pancreatic integrity and regenerative growth. Transgenic expression of ornithine decarboxylase antizyme has suggested that this unique protein may act as a general tumor suppressor. Homozygous deficiency of the key biosynthetic enzymes of the polyamines ornithine and S-adenosyl-methionine decarboxylase as achieved through targeted disruption of their genes is not compatible with murine embryogenesis. Finally the first reports of human diseases apparently caused by mutations or rearrangements of the genes involved in polyamine metabolism have appeared. Keywords antizyme ornithine .

• Báo cáo khoa học
• Report medicine
• traditional medicine
• scientific reports
• Crystal structure
• medical analysis
• biochemical studies
• medical knowledge
• medical research
• analysis of cytoplasmic
• oxidation
• bacteria
• hemoglobin
• medicine
• cell proliferation
• breast cancer
• chemical reaction
• gastric cancer
• hormone medicine
• tumor cells
• environmental medicine