TAILIEUCHUNG - Báo cáo khoa học: Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of STAT transcription factors Thomas Meyer and Uwe Vinkemeier

The signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins have initiallybeendescribedas cytoplasmicproteins that enter the nucleus only after cytokine treatment of cells. Contrary to this assumption, it was demonstrated that STATs are constantly shuttling between nucleus and cyto-plasm irrespective of cytokine stimulation. This happens both via carrier-dependent as well as carrier-independent transportation. Moreover, it was also recognized that cyto-kine stimulation triggers nuclear retention of dimeric STATs, rather than affecting the rate of nuclear import. . | Eur. J. Biochem. 271 4606-4612 2004 FEBS 2004 doi MINIREVIEW Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of STAT transcription factors Thomas Meyer and Uwe Vinkemeier Abteilung Zelluleire Signalverarbeitung Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut fur Molekulare Pharmakologie Freie Universitat Berlin Germany The signal transducer and activator of transcription STAT proteins have initially been described as cytoplasmic proteins that enter the nucleus only after cytokine treatment of cells. Contrary to this assumption it was demonstrated that STATs are constantly shuttling between nucleus and cytoplasm irrespective of cytokine stimulation. This happens both via carrier-dependent as well as carrier-independent transportation. Moreover it was also recognized that cytokine stimulation triggers nuclear retention of dimeric STATs rather than affecting the rate of nuclear import. In summary it is increasingly being appreciated that STAT nucleocytoplasmic cycling determines the quality of cytokine signaling and also constitutes an important area for microbial intervention. Introduction Multicellular organisms utilize an integrated network of cell-cell communications and humeral interactions to coordinate complex cellular processes such as proliferation differentiation and homeostasis. Cells recognize external stimuli and transform the signals into a cellular response which most often result in an alteration in the pattern of expressed genes. Many signal transducers that function as transcription factors have to traverse the barrier of the nuclear envelope in order to gain access to specific target genes within the nuclear compartment. The Janus kinase JAK -signal transducer and activator of transcription STAT pathway is regarded as a paradigmatic model for such a direct signal transduction because it transmits information received from extracellular polypeptide signals without the interplay of second messengers directly to target promoters in the nucleus 1 . The STAT .

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