TAILIEUCHUNG - Báo cáo khoa học: PLENARY LECTURES

Evolution tinkers with odds and ends, but the resulting systems look like circuits designed according to good engineering princi-ples. This talk will discuss several design principles, and how they can be used to make sense of complex transcription and signal-ling networks in cells. | Plenary lectures Abstracts PLENARY LECTURES EMBO LECTURE I01 Design principles of biological circuits U. Alon Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel Evolution tinkers with odds and ends but the resulting systems look like circuits designed according to good engineering principles. This talk will discuss several design principles and how they can be used to make sense of complex transcription and signalling networks in cells. SPECIAL LECTURES I13 Telomeres and telomerase E. Blackburn University of California San Francisco CA USA Telomeres by protecting and stabilizing the ends of chromosomes play a vital role in ensuring genomic stability. Each telomere consists of simple repeated DNA sequences which bind cellular protein factors and make a cap thus securing the chromosome end. Without telomeric DNA and its specialized modes of replicating chromosome ends dwindle away eventually causing cells to cease dividing. For humans to live a long life this erosion of telomeres is counteracted by the cellular enzyme telomerase which replenishes telomeres by elongating and protecting them. The emerging understanding of telomeres and telomerase in both normal and transformed cells holds promise for improving health and combatting cancer. While telomerase is present in many normal cells in human adults it is often there at only low levels. Throughout human life a minimal level of telomerase is required for replenishment of tissues including the immune system. Telomerase is influenced by genetic and non-genetic factors. Telomerase activity in immune system cells is affected by chronic psychological stress and inadequate telomere maintenance is associated with a variety of major risk factors for diseases including cancer and cardiovascular disease. Within the setting of malignant cancer cells - a very different setting from normal cellular contexts - telomerase is hyperactive and promotes cancer. We have explored exploiting the high telomerase activity of cancer cells for .

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