TAILIEUCHUNG - Reproductive Health Risk and Protective Factors Among Unmarried Youth in Ghana

The extent to which parents are, or should be, involved in their adolescent children’s sexual and reproductive health decisions is a complicated issue. No federal law guarantees adolescents the universal right to confidential services for contraception or sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Many states have enacted laws that explicitly allow adolescents younger than 18 to consent to contraceptive services, and all states allow minors to consent to STD services to some extent; minor consent laws implicitly guarantee confiden- tiality. Yet the terms of these guarantees vary considerably from state to state. Moreover, the types of funding that a provider receives can determine whether confidentiality is guaranteed and whether parental involvement is required. Advocates of. | Reproductive Health Risk and Protective Factors Among Unmarried Youth in Ghana By Ali Mehryar Karim Robert J. Magnani Gwendolyn T. Morgan and Katherine C. Bond CONTEXT In Ghana as in many other Sub-Saharan African countries the behaviors of the current cohort of adolescents will strongly influence the course of the HIV AIDS epidemic. This study sought to identify factors associated with elevated risks of pregnancy and sexually transmitted infection among unmarried Ghanaian youth. METHODS A nationally representative sample of3 739 unmarried 12-24-year-olds were surveyed. Various regression techniques were used to assess the effects of individual and contextual factors on sexual behavior and condom use. RESULTS Forty-one percent of female and 36 of male youth reported being sexually experienced. On average sexually experienced youth had had fewer than two partners only 4 of these females and 11 of males had had more than one sexual partner in the three months before the survey. Although Ghanaian youth are knowledgeable about condoms only 24 of sexually experienced males and 20 of females reported consistent condom use with their current or most recent partner. A sizable number of contextual factors and attributes of youth themselves were associated with sexual behaviors while individual characteristics were stronger predictors of condom use. CONCLUSIONS The findings provide furtherjustification for interventions targeting key contextual factors that influence youth behaviors in addition to providing youth with necessary communication negotiation and other life skills. International Family Planning Perspectives 2003 29 1 14-24 Ali Mehryar Karim is a doctoral candidate and Robert J. Magnani is professor and chair Department of International Health and Development Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine New Orleans LA USA. Gwendolyn T. Morgan is research fellow Family Health International Nairobi Kenya. Katherine C. Bond is program officer .

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