TAILIEUCHUNG - ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES: OVERVIEW AND PERSPECTIVE USING A REPRODUCTIVE JUSTICE FRAMEWORK

Ooplasmic transfer involves egg retrieval from the woman undergoing IVF and another woman donating ooplasm (the cytoplasm of an egg cell: the material outside the nucleus). The egg is then fertilized with sperm and implanted into the woman intending to become pregnant. The resulting child has DNA from both women because of the mitochondrial DNA present in the ooplasm of the donor, as well as DNA from the sperm provider (partner or donor), and therefore has three genetic parents. It had been used for women whose infertility seemed to stem from the ooplasm in their eggs. In 2002, however,. | ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES OVERVIEW AND PERSPECTIVE USING A REPRODUCTIVE JUSTICE FRAMEWORK INTRODUCTION Assisted reproductive technologies ART have enabled millions of people in the world to have biological children who otherwise would not have been able to do so. According to the European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology more than three million babies have been born using ART worldwide in the last 30 years enabling infertile women and men single women and men and lesbian gay and transgender couples to form genetically-related families. These new technologies have transformed the way we view reproduction. While they have created new hopeful possibilities they also require that we pay attention to issues of health ethics law and policy. Key concerns include lack of access health effects on women and children potential for devaluation of the lives of people with disabilities limitations on use by lesbian gay bisexual transgender questioning and intersex LGBTQI individuals and couples dangers of selecting characteristics of children the commercial environment surrounding ART and the nature of regulation in the US and other countries. The Gender Justice and Human Genetics Program G J of the Center for Genetics and Society has written this document to 1 provide basic background information on ART and 2 offer our allies a perspective on ART using a reproductive justice framework. While G J is concerned with the health and rights of all communities this document is primarily intended for use within the reproductive health rights and justice movements and therefore focuses largely on women. We hope that this document will contribute to building a foundation from which to promote ART policies that reflect social justice and human rights values and principles. Written by Emily Galpern Project Director on Reproductive Health and Human Rights Gender and Justice Program Center for Genetics and Society Oakland CA December 2007 1 SOCIAL JUSTICE AND HUMAN .

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