TAILIEUCHUNG - The Coming of Materials Science Episode 14

Tham khảo tài liệu 'the coming of materials science episode 14', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Materials Chemistry and Biomimetics 435 varying molecular weights on water and gave evidence that Rayleigh was indeed correct and furthermore that the molecules in the surface films were oriented with their chains normal to the surface. These are amphiphilic molecules hydrophilic at one end and hydrophobic at the other. In 1917 Langmuir 1917 he had invented the film balance which allowed a known stress to be applied to a surface film until it was close-packed and could not be compressed further in this way he determined the true diameter of his chain molecules and incidentally one of his measurements more or less tallied with Agnes Pockels estimate. Later in 1933 he published a paper the very first to be printed in the then new Journal of Chemical Physics see Section which covered inter alia the behaviour of thin films adsorbed on a liquid surface. In the years between 1917 and 1933 Langmuir had been largely taken up with surface studies relevant to radio valves tubes . His assistant from 1920 on was a young chemist Katharine Blodgett Figure . In 1934 she published a classic paper on monomolecular fatty-acid films which she was able to transfer sequentially from water to a glass slide so that multilayer films were thereby created Blodgett 1934 . In a concise historical note on these Langmuir-Blodgett films which served as introduction to a major conference on these films published in the same issue of Thin Solid Films Gaines 1983 advances evidence that this research probably issued from an interest at GE in lubricating the bearings of electricity meters. The superb fundamental work of this pair was always it seems nourished perhaps one should say lubricated by severely practical industrial concerns. During the remainder of the 1930s Langmuir and Blodgett carried out a brilliant series of studies on multilayer films of a variety of chemicals supplemented by studies in Britain especially at the ill-fated Department of Colloid Science in Cambridge Section .

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