TAILIEUCHUNG - GAMMA RADIATION

Gamma rays were discovered by Villard more than a hundred years ago. Rutherford gave the name -rays to the electrically neutral radiation emitted by the naturally occurring radioactive materials. Gamma rays are electromagnetic radiation, photons, which arises due to energy changes in the nucleus. It does not appear as an independent form of radiation, but it follows and β decay, in those cases when the newly created core of the offspring is found in the excited state. This state is very short, while the excited nucleus in its transition to a lower energy level or the primary energy state, mosty usually transmits - photons or transfers. | GAMMA RADIATION Edited by Feriz Adrovic Gamma Radiation Edited by Feriz Adrovic Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9 51000 Rijeka Croatia Copyright 2012 InTech All chapters are Open Access distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution license which allows users to download copy and build upon published articles even for commercial purposes as long as the author and publisher are properly credited which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. After this work has been published by InTech authors have the right to republish it in whole or part in any publication of which they are the author and to make other personal use of the work. Any republication referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the original source. As for readers this license allows users to download copy and build upon published chapters even for commercial purposes as long as the author and publisher are properly credited which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. Notice Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published chapters. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials instructions methods or ideas contained in the book. Publishing Process Manager Daria Nahtigal Technical Editor Teodora Smiljanic Cover Designer InTech Design Team First published March 2012 Printed in Croatia A free online edition of this book is available at Additional hard copies can be obtained from orders@ Gamma Radiation Edited by Feriz Adrovic p. cm. ISBN 978-953-51-0316-5 INTECH open science I open minds free online editions of InTech Books and Journals can be found at .

• Điện - Điện tử
• Nuclear Physics
• Material Analysis
• Environmental Sciences
• Gamma Radiation
• Gamma Dose Rates
• Materials Science
• Introductory nuclear physics
• Nuclear collective motion
• Microscopic models
• Nuclear structure
• nuclear reactions
• Nuclear astrophysics
• Lecture Physics A2
• Bài giảng Vật lý đại cương A2
• Vật lý đại cương A2
• Nuclear components
• Binding energy
• Nuclear force
• Bài giảng Vật lý A2
• Nuclear models
• Nuclear energy
• Nuclear binding energy
• Modern physics
• University Physics
• Fundamentals of physics
• Basic nuclear physics
• Magnetic resonance imaging
• Radioactive decay
• Lecture General Physics II
• Bài giảng Vật lý đại cương 2
• The size of the nucleus
• Density of nuclei
• Nuclear stability
• Nucleon structure
• Nucleon systems
• Bulk properties of nuclei
• Weak interaction
• electrical power
• mechanical application
• physics homework
• physics formulas
• GRE
• Physics Test
• English
• Physics materials
• practice materials Physics
• Theoretical Nuclear
• extreme densities
• Neutrinos and Beyond
• Gravitational Physics
• Harnessing Light
• vật lý
• khoa học tự nhiên
• bài giảng vật lý bậc đại học
• basic knowledge of physics
• mechanical applications
• scientific research
• specialized physical thesis in physics
• applied physics
• physics research
• Project basic knowledge of physics
• physical exam materials
• physical exam review materials
• research physical
• The Conservation Laws
• The Data of Nuclear Reactonsn
• The Nuclear Model
• Nuclear Level Widths
• Nuclear Fission
• Communications in Physics
• Radioactive gaseous effluent released
• Ninh Thuan 1 nuclear power plant under scenario
• Ines level 7 nuclear accident
• Station black out
• Loss of coolant accident
• International Nuclear Event Scale
• Elementary particles
• Fission equation
• Chain reaction
• Science Questions
• Nuclear Science
• Societal Applications
• Global Nuclear Science
• Fundamental Symmetries
• Nuclear power plant Ninh Thuan
• Ines level 5 nuclear accident
• The IAEA recommendations
• The Emergency Operations Center of USNRC
• Experimental Nuclear Physics
• Fundamental Principles of Particle Detection
• Electronic Instruments
• Penetration of Gamma Rays
• The passage Heavy Particles through Matter
• Beam transport line for nuclear physics research
• Beam transport line
• Minimum momentum spread
• Modeling 3D optical elements
• Beam dynamics analysis
• Luận án Tiến sĩ
• Atomic and nuclear physics
• Building materials
• Natural radioactivity
• Atomic radiation
• Luận án Tiến sĩ Vật lý
• Spect CT images segmentation software
• Automatic detection
• Brain tumors
• Multi physics modeling
• Coupling scheme
• Molten salt fast nuclear reactors
• Discontinuous Galerkin FEM
• Incompressible RANS