TAILIEUCHUNG - Báo cáo y học: "The mouse “xenotropic” gammaretroviruses and their XPR1 receptor"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Respiratory Research cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: The mouse “xenotropic” gammaretroviruses and their XPR1 receptor. | Kozak Retrovirology 2010 7 101 http content 7 1 101 RETROVIROLOGY REVIEW Open Access The mouse xenotropic gammaretroviruses and their XPR1 receptor Christine A Kozak Abstract The xenotropic polytropic subgroup of mouse leukemia viruses MLVs all rely on the XPR1 receptor for entry but these viruses vary in tropism distribution among wild and laboratory mice pathogenicity strategies used for transmission and sensitivity to host restriction factors. Most but not all isolates have typical xenotropic or polytropic host range and these two MLV tropism types have now been detected in humans as viral sequences or as infectious virus termed XMRV or xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus. The mouse xenotropic MLVs X-MLVs were originally defined by their inability to infect cells of their natural mouse hosts. It is now clear however that X-MLVs actually have the broadest host range of the MLVs. Nearly all nonrodent mammals are susceptible to XMLVs and all species of wild mice and several common strains of laboratory mice are X-MLV susceptible. The polytropic MLVs named for their apparent broad host range show a more limited host range than the X-MLVs in that they fail to infect cells of many mouse species as well as many nonrodent mammals. The co-evolution of these viruses with their receptor and other host factors that affect their replication has produced a heterogeneous group of viruses capable of inducing various diseases as well as endogenized viral genomes some of which have been domesticated by their hosts to serve in antiviral defense. Introduction Gammaretroviruses of three distinct host range tropisms have been isolated from the laboratory mouse Table 1 . The first of these mouse leukemia viruses MLVs were discovered in 1951 through their association with neoplasias of hematopoietic origin 1 . These MLVs were found to infect mouse and rat cells and could induce leukemias or lymphomas in inoculated mice. A second MLV type with a .

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