TAILIEUCHUNG - Báo cáo y học: "Anti-tetherin activities in Vpu-expressing primate lentiviruses"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Retrovirology cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: "Anti-tetherin activities in Vpu-expressing primate lentiviruses. | Yang et al. Retrovirology 2010 7 13 http content 7 1 13 RETR0VIR0L0GY RESEARCH Open Access Anti-tetherin activities in Vpu-expressing primate lentiviruses Su Jung Yang Lisa A Lopez Heiko Hauser Colin M Exline Kevin G Haworth Paula M Cannon Abstract Background The anti-viral activity of the cellular restriction factor BST-2 tetherin was first observed as an ability to block the release of Vpu-minus HIV-1 from the surface of infected cells. However tetherin restriction is also counteracted by primate lentiviruses that do not express a Vpu protein where anti-tetherin functions are provided by either the Env protein HIV-2 SIVtan or the Nef protein SIVsm mac and SIVagm . Within the primate lentiviruses Vpu is also present in the genomes of SIVcpz and certain SIVsyk viruses. We asked whether in these viruses anti-tetherin activity was always a property of Vpu or if it had selectively evolved in HIV-1 to perform this function. Results We found that despite the close relatedness of HIV-1 and SIVcpz the chimpanzee viruses use Nef instead of Vpu to counteract tetherin. Furthermore SIVcpz Nef proteins had activity against chimpanzee but not human tetherin. This specificity mapped to a short sequence that is present in the cytoplasmic tail of primate but not human tetherins and this also accounts for the specificity of SIVsm mac Nef for primate but not human tetherins. In contrast Vpu proteins from four diverse members of the SIVsyk lineage all displayed an anti-tetherin activity that was active against macaque tetherin. Interestingly Vpu from a SIVgsn isolate was also found to have activity against human tetherin. Conclusions Primate lentiviruses show a high degree of flexibility in their use of anti-tetherin factors indicating a strong selective pressure to counteract tetherin restriction. The identification of an activity against human tetherin in SIVgsn Vpu suggests that the presence of Vpu in the ancestral SIVmus mon gsn virus believed to have .

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