TAILIEUCHUNG - Ecosystems and Human Health - Chapter 15 (end)

Trường hợp nghiên cứu đánh giá Tất cả các nghiên cứu trường hợp được dựa trên thực tế xảy ra. Nghiên cứu trường hợp 1 Dân số lao động thợ mỏ này có tỷ lệ mắc ung thư hiếm gặp, nhiều lần của dân số nói chung, và những người sống gần khu mỏ, cũng như thành viên gia đình của các thợ mỏ, có một tỷ lệ thấp hơn, nhưng vẫn còn cao của bệnh ung thư. Tỷ lệ mắc ung thư phổi trong các thợ mỏ hút thuốc là 60 lần không hút thuốc thợ mỏ và nhiều lần cao hơn. | chapter fifteen Case study reviews All case studies are based on actual occurrences. Case study 1 This population of laboring miners has an incidence of a rare cancer many times that of the general population and those who live near the mine as well as family members of miners have a lower but still elevated incidence of the same cancer. The incidence of lung cancer in smoking miners is 60 times that in nonsmoking miners and several times higher than in smokers who are not miners. This is actually the situation in asbestos miners who were first employed 30 years ago or more. The cancer is mesothelioma. The miners carried home the asbestos fibers on their clothing. Family members especially the wives who did the family laundry inhaled these fibers. Living in close proximity to the mine was also a risk factor as particles were airborne over short distances. Cigarette smoke and asbestos fibers were acting as co-carcinogens and or promoters to greatly increase the risk of lung cancer. Socio-economic factors that might increase cancer incidence in addition to smoking would include diet high saturated fats and low fiber high alcohol consumption lack of exercise and other workplace hazards . benzene . Miners would likely be 18 to 65 years of age and predominantly male so that the elderly and the very young as well as women would be excluded from the group at risk. Case study 2 Working in a confined space always constitutes a risk whenever volatile solvents or gases explosive or otherwise are in use. In this particular case explosion-proof electrical devices lights ventilating fans should have been available. Failing that the ventilation fan could have been placed at a distance from the site and flexible large-bore conduit used to conduct air into the tank. The tank should have been pumped dry before attempting to work in it. A safety person should have been left at the surface to summon help 2001 CRC Press LLC not to enter the tank alone and safety lines should have .

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