TAILIEUCHUNG - the oxford essensial guide to writing phần 7

Tham khảo tài liệu 'the oxford essensial guide to writing phần 7', ngoại ngữ, ngữ pháp tiếng anh phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 270 DICTION Awkward shifts are common with adjectives and adverbs. Usually the problem is leaving off a necessary- y She dances beautiful. For beautifully They did it satisfactory. For satisfactorily A rough rule is that adverbs of three or more syllables end in- j and that those having one or two syllables are rather idiomatic some always end in-ỉy deadly others never do welt and still others may be used either way slow or slowly quick or quickly . On the fringe of barbarism are many trendy words such as finalize and adverbs ending in-wise such as weatherwise university wise economywise. There seems little justification for a word like finalize which says nothing that complete or finish does not say. On the other hand one can argue that weatherwise is at least more concise than the phrase in regard to the weather. One s tolerance for such terms depends on how liberal or conservative one is with regard to language or languagewise . Idiom An idiom is a combination of words functioning as a unit of meaning as in to take the subway bus streetcar home. Often one or more of the words has a special sense different from its usual meaning and confined to that idiom. Thus to take here means to get on and travel in. In its idiomatic sense such a word cannot be replaced by any of its usual equivalents we cannot carry bring or fetch the subway home. Idioms are always a difficulty in learning foreign languages. They are not easily reduced to rules and each must be memorized. Even native speakers make mistakes with idioms. The most frequent errors involve verb-preposition combinations CLARITY AND SIMPLICITY 271 I complained with my parents about their attitude. IDIOMATIC complained to She concluded in saying. IDIOMATIC concluded by That is where we fool ourselves of our efficiency. IDIOMATIC fool ourselves about They can t decide what to do with their problem. IDIOMATIC do about their problem Errors like these probably come from confusing two idioms complain about and argue with

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