TAILIEUCHUNG - Engineering - Materials Selection in Mechanical Design Part 11

Tham khảo tài liệu 'engineering - materials selection in mechanical design part 11', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Chapter 11------------------------------------------------------------ Materials processing and design Introduction and synopsis A process is a method of shaping finishing or joining a material. Sand casting injection moulding polishing andfusion welding are all processes there are hundreds of them. It is important to choose the right process-route at an early stage in the design before the cost-penalty of making changes becomes large. The choice for a given component depends on the material of which it is to be made on its size shape and precision and on how many are to be made in short on the design requirements. A change in design requirements may demand a change in process route. Each process is characterized by a set of attributes the materials it can handle the shapes it can make and their precision complexity and size. The intimate details of processes make tedious reading but have to be faced we describe them briefly in the following section using Process Selection Charts to capture their attributes. Process selection is the act of finding the best match between process attributes and design requirements. Methods for doing this are developed in the remaining sections of this chapter. In using them one should not forget that material shape and processing interact Figure . Material properties and shape limit the choice of process ductile materials can be forged rolled and drawn those which are brittle must be shaped in other ways. Materials which melt at modest temperatures to low-viscosity liquids can be cast those which do not have to be processed by other routes. Slender shapes can be made easily by rolling or drawing but not by casting. High precision is possible by machining but not by forging and so on. And processing affects properties. Rolling and forging change the texture of metals and align the inclusions they contain enhancing strength and ductility. Composites acquire their properties during processing by control of lay-up for these the

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