TAILIEUCHUNG - ADVANCED AIR POLLUTION_2

Leading air quality professionals describe different aspects of air pollution. The book presents information on four broad areas of interest in the air pollution field; the air pollution monitoring; air quality modeling; the GIS techniques to manage air quality; the new approaches to manage air quality. This book fulfills the need on the latest concepts of air pollution science and provides comprehensive information on all relevant components relating to air pollution issues in urban areas and industries | Part 3 Advanced GIS Applications in Air Quality Management 16 Development of GIS-aided Emission Inventory of Air Pollutants for an Urban Environment Sailesh N. Behera1 Mukesh Sharma1 Onkar Dikshit1 and . Shukla2 department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur department of Civil Engineering Institute of Engineering and Technology Lucknow India 1. Introduction Understanding types of pollutants and their emission rates is essential for control of air pollution. The emission rates along with the rates of various chemical reactions those take place in the atmosphere the prevailing meteorological conditions and topographical factors determine the extent of pollutions experienced by various environmental components. An emission inventory is a quantitative detailed repository of air pollutants emitted along with their sources into the atmosphere from a given area for a specified time period Behera et al. 2011 . Present and future inventories are critical components of air quality planning and modeling. The ultimate goal of the pollution control planning process is to identify and achieve emission patterns that do not result in violations of ambient air quality standards. An emission inventory should be able to provide i a consistent estimate of total emissions of different pollutants ii the spatial and temporal distribution of pollutants iii the time-specific evolution of emissions and their distributions iv the identification and characterization of sources v tracking progress towards attainment of National Ambient Air Quality Standards NAAQS and emission reduction plans vi serve as the basis in modeling for prediction of pollutant concentrations in ambient air and vii compliance records with allowable emission rates established by facilities and regulatory agencies. The broad source categories of air pollution in an urban area include i transport motor vehicles and railways ii commercial establishments iii industrial iv domestic cooking .

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