TAILIEUCHUNG - Recent Advances in Signal Processing_2

Tham khảo sách 'recent advances in signal processing_2', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, kĩ thuật viễn thông phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 18 Information Mining from Speech Signal Milan Sigmund Brno University of Technology Czech Republic 1. Introduction Language is the engine of civilization and speech is its most powerful and natural form that humans use to communicate or share thoughts ideas and emotions. Speech is talking one way that a language can be expressed. Language may also be expressed through writing signing or even gestures. The representation of language as speech signals in digital form is of course of fundamental concern for all sub-fields of machinery speech processing. Speech data are characterized by a large variability. The production of connected speech is affected not only by the well-known coarticulation phenomena but also by a large number of sources of variation such as regional social stylistic and individual ones. People speak differently according to their geographical provenance accent or dialect and according to factors such as the linguistic background of their parents their social status and their educational background. Individual speech can vary because of different timing and amplitude of the movements of speech articulators. Moreover the physical mechanism of speech undergoes changes which can affect the nasal cavity resonance and the mode of vibration of the vocal cords. This is obvious for instance as a consequence of any laryngeal pathology as when the speaker has a cold. Less obvious are changes in the fundamental frequency and phonation type which are brought by factors such as fatigue and stress or in the long term by aging. A series of environmental variables like background noise reverberation and recording conditions have also to be taken into account. In essence every speech production is unique and this uniqueness makes the automatic speech processing quite difficult. Information mining from speech signal as the ultimate goal of data mining is concerned with the science technology and engineering of discovering patterns and extracting potentially useful

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