TAILIEUCHUNG - Extreme Prematurity - Practices, Bioethics, And The Law Part 6

Năm 1960 sự xuất hiện máy thở cho sơ sinh đã mang lại bước tiến nhanh chóng trong chăm sóc trẻ sơ sinh. Điều này đã cho phép cứu sống cho trẻ sơ sinh ngày càng nhỏ hơn. | 26 FRANCE In 2000 the French National Consultative Ethics Committee reported on ethical considerations regarding neonatal resuscita-tion. 243 They noted that in France extreme prematurity causes 50 of neonatal mortality and is associated with a high risk of serious sequelae. They reported that the survival rate for live births less than 24 weeks was 0 and for those at 24 and 25 weeks survival rates were 31 and 50 respectively. This is substantially less than . figures. The committee noted the history and ethical dilemmas associated with extreme prematurity and stated that they did not aim to set up rules or recommendations but to help those involved find solutions by highlighting the issues which need to be taken into account. The first issue they emphasized was prevention which they strongly believed was a priority for health policy. They had previously noted a recent increase in prematurity that they had in part related to late pregnancies multiple pregnancies and faulty or poorly monitored medical prescription of ovulation induction drugs and the transfer of several embryos during in vitro fertilization. They urged control and research in this area as well as accountable improvements in prenatal services 116 FRANCE and further research into the causes and consequences of prematurity. The next issue they wished to highlight was the practice of nonmaleficence. This was expressed as respect for four categorical prescriptions do no harm prevent a harmful effect eliminate a harmful effect and provide a beneficial effect. They realized that for this to work it was necessary to consider what was desirable and what we wish to avoid. They noted that what was desirable was only defined in the light of a person s rights but what we wish to avoid was the onset of major disability which would not be beneficent. However they stated that independently of age state of health and particularly handicaps human dignity and value must be recognized as worthy of respect and a .

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