TAILIEUCHUNG - An Encyclopaedia of Language_05

Tham khảo tài liệu 'an encyclopaedia of language_05', ngoại ngữ, nhật - pháp - hoa- others phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 222 LANGUAGE IN THE BRAIN alongside it a thin sheet of grey matter the claustrum. These are all behind the folded-in part of the cortex behind the temporal lobe which is called the insula. Of all these structures the ones which have been most studied in respect of language are the thalamus and the lenticular nucleus. All the evidence concerning the role of these structures in language inevitably comes from brain-damaged patients including ones undergoing electrophysiological stimulation prior to surgery. That some of these structures play a role in the motor production of speech has been known for some time but the idea that damage to them might produce aphasia although milder and less longer-lasting than cortical aphasias has been revived relatively recently. Studies have generally distinguished between damage to the basal ganglia and damage to the thalamus Wallesch and Wyke 1983 . Damage to the basal ganglia accompanying Parkinson s disease has been reported to result in language difficulties as well as motor speech disorders. Lees and Smith 1983 describe naming difficulties in this condition. Tanridag and Kirshner 1987 have reviewed a number of studies which describe language disorders after strokes in the left internal capsule and striatal regions. Particular attention has been paid to the lenticular nucleus and aphasic symptoms have been described after either putamenal lesions or lesions to the globus pallidus. Haemorrhage frequently occurs in the region of the putamen and Nauser Alexander Helm-Estabrooks Levin Laughlin and Geschwind 1982 have suggested that the pattern of aphasia differs according to whether the damage is anterior or posterior. Although these subcortical aphasias are most commonly linked in type with the transcortical aphasias Wallesch 1985 since the ability to repeat is generally preserved patterns distinct from those of cortical aphasias have been described . the occurrence of articulatory difficulty with jargon. Aphasia after damage to

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