TAILIEUCHUNG - The Complete IS-IS Routing Protocol- Part 2

The Complete IS-IS Routing Protocol- P2: IS-IS has always been my favourite Interior Gateway Protocol. Its elegant simplicity, its well-structured data formats, its flexibility and easy extensibility are all appealing – IS-IS epitomizes link-state routing. Whether for this reason or others, IS-IS is the IGP of choice in some of the world’s largest networks. | Contents xiii 5 Neighbour Discovery and Handshaking 109 Hello Message Encoding 109 LAN Hello Messages 111 Point-to-point Hello Messages 114 MTU Check 116 Handshaking 119 The 3-way Handshake on LAN Circuits 120 The 2-way Handshake on Point-to-point Circuits 123 The 3-way Handshake on Point-to-point Circuits 128 Sub-net Checking 131 Finite State Machine 133 Neighbour Liveliness Detection 135 IGP Hellos 135 Interface Tracking 137 Bi-directional Fault Detection BFD 137 Summary 140 6 Generating Flooding and Ageing LSPs 141 Distributed Databases 141 Local Computation 144 LSPs and Revision Control 146 Sequence Numbers 147 LSP Lifetimes 149 Periodic Refreshes 149 Link-state PDUs 152 Flooding 164 Is Flooding Harmful 165 Mesh-Groups 168 Network-wide Purging of LSPs 172 DIS Election 173 Expiration of LSPs 174 Duplicate System-IDs 175 Flow Control and Throttling of LSPs 175 LSP-transmit-interval 176 LSP-generation-interval 178 Retransmission Interval 181 Conclusion 182 7 Pseudonodes and Designated Routers 183 Scaling Adjacencies on Large LANs 183 The Self-synchronization Problem 183 Scheduling Hellos 185 Applying Jitter to Timers 185 xiv Contents Pseudonodes 186 The N2 Problem 186 Pseudonode Representation 188 Pseudonode ID Selection 191 Link-state Database Modelling 193 Pseudonode Suppression on p2p LANs 196 DIS and DIS Election Procedure 199 Pre-emption 200 Purging 201 DIS Redundancy 202 Summary 203 8 Synchronizing Databases 205 Why Synchronize Link-state Databases 205 Synchronizing Databases on Broadcast LAN Circuits 208 Synchronizing Databases on p2p Links 216 Periodic Synchronization on p2p Circuits 218 Conclusion 222 9 Fragmentation 223 Fragmentation and the OSI Reference Model 223 The .

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