TAILIEUCHUNG - Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Interactions of ozone and pathogens on the surface structure of Norway spruce needle"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về lâm nghiệp được đăng trên tạp chí lâm nghiệp Original article đề tài: Interactions of ozone and pathogens on the surface structure of Norway spruce needles. | 543s Ann. Sci. For. 1989 46 suppl. 543s-546s Forest Tree Physiology E. Dreyer et al. eds. Elsevier INRA Interactions of ozone and pathogens on the surface structure of Norway spruce needles K. Ojanpera1 and s. Huttunen2 1Department of Botany University of Gothenburg Carl Skottsbergs Gata 22 41319 Gothenburg Sweden and 2Department of Botany University of Oulu 90570 Oulu Finland Introduction The plant surface is at the interface between the plant and its atmospheric environment. The cuticle is covered by an inert layer of epicuticular wax which protects the plant from unfavorable conditions such as frost drought radiation and pathogens. It also acts as a barrier to air pollutants Jeffree 1986 . The epicuticular wax of Norway spruce current needles consists of small tubes forming an evenly dispersed wax structure. As a result of natural erosion of the needle s surface the wax tubes agglomerate first forming a reticulate and then a plate-like wax structure Sauter and Voss 1986 . The life span of healthy needles of Norway spruce varies from 7 to 17 yr Gunthardt and Wanner 1982 . Exposure to air pollutants is known to alter the structure of epicuticular wax resulting in erosion and increased stomatai occlusion Huttunen and Laine 1981 1983 Crossley and Fowler 1986 This study was undertaken to assess whether or not ozone is also a factor which induces changes in the surface structure of Norway spruce needles. Materials and Methods The ozone-fumigated needles of Norway spruce were obtained from 3 different fumigation experiments carried out in summers 1985 and 1986 by Dr. Jurg Bucher at the Swiss Federal Institute of Forestry Research in Bir-mensdorf Switzerland 1985 1986 and by Dr. Georg Krause at the Landesanstalt fur Immis-sionschutz des Landes Nordrhein-Westfahlen in Essen . 1986 . In the Swiss experiments 4 yr old spruce graftings were fumigated in open top chambers with 0 100 200 or 300 pg of ozone m3 of filtered air during 109 or 114 weekdays using a different .

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