TAILIEUCHUNG - THE DESIGN PHILOSOPHY OF THE DARPA INTERNET PROTOCOLS

While specific information on the DOD protocols is fairly generally available’, 6. ‘, it is sometimes difficult to determine the motivation and reasoning which led to the design. In fact, the design philosophy has evolved considerably from the first proposal to the current standards. For example, the idea of the datagram, or connectionless service, does not receive particular emphasis in the first paper, but has come to be the defining characteristic of the protocol. Another example is the layering of the architecture into the IP and TCP layers. This seems basic to the design, but was also not a part of the original proposal. These changes in the Internet design arose through the. | THE DESIGN PHILOSOPHY OF THE DARPA INTERNET PROTOCOLS David D. Clark Massachusetts Institute of Technology Laboratory for Computer Science Cambridge Ma. 02139 Abstract The Internet protocol suite TCP IP was first proposed fifteen years ago. It was developed by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency DARPA and has been used widely in military and commercial systems. While there have been papers and specifications that describe how the protocols work it is sometimes difficult to deduce from these why the protocol is as it is. For example the Internet protocol is based on a connectionless or datagram mode of service. The motivation for this has been greatly misunderstood. This paper attempts to capture some of the early reasoning which shaped the Internet protocols. I. Introduction For the last 15 years1 the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the . Department of Defense has been developing a suite of protocols for packet switched networking. These protocols which include the Internet Protocol IP and the Transmission Control Protocol TCP are now . Department of Defense standards for internetworking and are in wide use in the commercial networking environment. The ideas developed in this effort have also influenced other protocol suites most importantly the connectionless configuration of the ISO protocols2 3 4. This work was supported in part by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency DARPA under Contract No. N00014-83-K-0125. Permission to copy without fee all or part of this material is granted provided that the copies are not made or distributed for direct commercial advantage the ACM copyright notice and the title of the publication and its date appear and notice is given that copying is by permission of the Association for Computing Machinery. To copy otherwise or to republish requires a fee and or specific permission. 1988 ACM 0-89791-279-9 88 008 0106 While specific information on the DOD protocols is fairly generally available5 6 7 it .

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