TAILIEUCHUNG - ORGANIC-APPROVED PESTICIDES

These guidelines address methods for: (1) handling of samples as intact soil cores; (2) preserving samples; (3) storing samples in hermetically sealed containers; and (4) minimizing analyte losses due to direct volatilization (both in the field and the laboratory) and biodegradation. Region 9 believes that following these guidelines is an important part of ensuring that accurate concentrations of VOCs are measured. Therefore, the procedures by which data are generated for or by Region 9 should follow project and/or program specific methods for field sample collection and laboratory sample handling which adhere to these guidelines. Specific procedures should. | Invertebrate Conservation Fact Sheet Organic-Approved Pesticides Minimizing Risks to Bees While organic farming offers significant environmental benefits even some organic-approved pesticides can cause harm to pollinators. By selecting the least toxic options and applying them when pollinators are not present harm can be minimized. Productive cropping systems do not have to rely on chemical inputs for pest control. Photograph by Matthew Shepherd Written by Eric Mader and Nancy Lee Adamson The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation Approximately four thousand species of bees are native to the United States. These wild insects provide crop pollination services and are often specialized for foraging on particular flowers such as tomatoes squash berries orchard or forage crops. This specialization results in efficient pollination high yields and larger fruit. The non-native European honey bee Apis mellifera is in decline because of disease and other factors. This makes native bees which contribute an estimated 3 billion worth of crop pollination annually to the . economy more important than ever. Native bees are of particular importance to organic farming because unlike honey bees their populations can be supported without the use of antibiotics and other chemical inputs. The reduced use of pesticides as well as more sustainable management practices makes organic farms an important asset in protecting our national pollinator resources. Many organic operations already have good numbers of wild bees. In some cases these native bees can provide all necessary crop pollination services when adequate habitat is available and beefriendly management practices are implemented. Unfortunately however even pesticides approved for organic agriculture can cause significant harm to bees. This fact sheet provides a brief overview of how to select and apply pesticides for organic farm operations while minimizing pollinator mortality. Keep in mind that the same .

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