TAILIEUCHUNG - BA N K I NG AND BU S INES S IN TH E ROMAN WORLD phần 4

Các thực tế rằng thuế được áp dụng giúp giải thích lý do tại sao thành phố nên quan tâm đến tiền bạc hà, ngay cả khi nó chỉ mất dưới hình thức đồng thay đổi của tiền vào giá trị đồng tiền nhỏ hơn do đó nhiều hơn chỉ đơn giản là một khiêm tốn nghề nghiệp hàng ngày, như A. | 38 Banks and bankers The fact that a tax was levied helps to explain why cities were so keen to mint money even if it only took the form of bronze The changing of money into smaller-value coins was thus more than simply a modest daily occupation for as A. Gara has convincingly argued it was an integral part of the Empire s fiscal These professional money-changers worked in little shops or out of doors at trestle tables. They were independent small-scale entrepreneurs and their activities usually involved a manual exchange of We do not know how their relations with the State were conducted at a practical level. How did they manage their money-changing operations that is to say how did they dispose of the coins received from clients for which they had no use Did they sell them back to the Public Treasury or Mint If a monetary reform led to certain coins being withdrawn from circulation were they responsible for collecting them and restoring them to the State We do not know. Now let us move on to the auction sales that frequently took place in Graeco-Roman antiquity particularly in Merchandise was sold by auction in ports in fairs and in wholesale and retail markets as were harvests property slaves etc. Announcing an auction was a good way of advertising a sale. It would be particularly profitable when following a death the heirs decided to get rid of all or part of the patrimony of which they had become co-proprietors. Auctions also played an important role where loans were concerned for if a debtor had provided security and was unable to pay off his debt whatever he had pledged could be sold at auction at the insistence of his creditor. Cicero s correspondence cites several examples of auctions held following a death in the family 34 and the tablets of Agro Murecine refer to several examples of auctions held for the sale of It was the public crier the praeco who presided over such auctions and awarded the .

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