TAILIEUCHUNG - Cancer Cytogenetics Methods and Protocols

The vast majority of published cytogenetic studies of malignancy have been of leukemias and related hematologic disorders (see Fig. 1), even though these constitute only about 20% of all cancers. It follows that most of what is known about the clinical applications of cytogenetic studies has been derived from hematologic malignancies. More recently, however, there has been a huge expansion in knowledge of the recurrent abnormalities in some solid tumors, and it is clear that in these, just as in the leukemias, cytogenetic abnormalities can help to define the diagnosis and to indicate clear prognostic differences. Consequently, cytogenetic studies of some solid tumors are now also moving out of the. | Methods in Molecular Biology VOLUME 220 Cancer Cytogenetic Methods and Protocols Edited by John Swansbury jwMTj 1 B Ỉ J5 ỷ Humana Press 1 Introduction John Swansbury 1. The Clinical Value of Cytogenetic Studies in Malignancy The vast majority of published cytogenetic studies of malignancy have been of leukemias and related hematologic disorders see Fig. 1 even though these constitute only about 20 of all cancers. It follows that most of what is known about the clinical applications of cytogenetic studies has been derived from hematologic malignancies. More recently however there has been a huge expansion in knowledge of the recurrent abnormalities in some solid tumors and it is clear that in these just as in the leukemias cytogenetic abnormalities can help to define the diagnosis and to indicate clear prognostic differences. Consequently cytogenetic studies of some solid tumors are now also moving out of the research environment and into routine clinical service. If all patients with a particular malignancy died or all survived then there would be little clinical value in doing cytogenetic studies they would have remained in the realm of those researchers who are probing the origins of cancer. Even as recently as 20 yr ago cytogenetic results were still regarded by many clinicians as being of peripheral interest. However in all tumor types studied so far From Methods in Molecular Biology vol. 220 Cancer Cytogenetics Methods and Protocols Edited by John Swansbury Humana Press Inc. Totowa NJ 1 2 Swansbury Fig. 1. Number of karyotypes published in successive Mitelman s Catalogs of Chromosome Aberrations in Cancer data obtained directly from the catalogs. The 1998 edition was published on CD-ROM and the current edition is online. Note that cases of chronic myeloid leukemia with a simple t 9 22 q34 q11 were excluded which therefore increases the overall number of published cases of leukemia. the presence or absence of many of the genetic abnormalities found has been .

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