TAILIEUCHUNG - Walking behaviour of healthy elderly: attention should be paid

Variable descriptions are presented in Tables 1 and 2, and construction of variables is described in the Methods section, below. Spatial regression methods and the rationale for using the spatial spillovers model are presented in the Methods section, below, with a discussion of what spatial spillovers are and why they might manifest themselves and cause problems in regression. Regression results are presented in Table 4, where both heteroskedasticity-consistent OLS and spatial lag regression models are presented. Table 3 presents sample statistics, including the mean, median, standard deviation, minimum, and maximum for each variable. Variable descriptions (Tables 1 and 2) reveal that there are many different units of measurement in the analysis – rates. | de Bruin and Schmidt Behavioral and Brain Functions 2010 6 59 http content 6 1 59 ggp BEHAVIORAL AND . s BRAIN FUNCTIONS RESEARCH Open Access Walking behaviour of healthy elderly attention should be paid Eling D de Bruin André Schmidt Abstract Background Previous studies have reported an association between executive function EF and measures of gait particularly among older adults. This study examined the relationship between specific components of executive functions and the relative dual task costs of gait DTC in community-dwelling non-demented older adults aged 65 years and older. Methods Temporal stride time stride velocity and spatial stride length gait characteristics were measured using a GAITRite -System among 62 healthy community dwelling older adults while walking with and without backward counting BC at preferred and fast walking speeds. Specific executive functions divided attention memory and inhibition were assessed using the Test for Attentional Performance TAP . Other measures included Mini-Mental State Examination MMSE amount of daily medications taken educational level and sociodemographic characteristics. Adjusted and unadjusted multivariable linear regression models were developed to assess the relations between variables. Results High relative DTC for stride time stride velocity and stride length were associated with divided attention at fast walking speed. High relative DTC for stride time was associated with divided attention at preferred walking speed. The association between high DTC of stride length and memory was less robust and only observable at preferred walking speed. None of the gait measures was associated with inhibition. Conclusions Spatial and temporal dual task cost characteristics of gait are especially associated with divided attention in older adults. The results showed that the associated DTC differ by executive function and the nature of the task preferred versus fast walking . Further .

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