TAILIEUCHUNG - New Respiratory Viruses and the Elderly

In the 1990s the overall rate of decline was somewhat higher than in the 1980s. Trends in annual death rates by gender from 1981 to 1998 for three age groups of the old are shown in Figure 2. Mortality for males in each age group shows a fairly regular decline during the 20 years. For females in some age groups, the early 1980s were not even a period of decline. This differential trend by gender is almost the opposite of what occurred in the 1970s when females experienced greater decline than males. One explanation for the different gender patterns of change is that because of their higher likelihood. | The Open Respiratory Medicine Journal 2011 5 61-69 61 New Respiratory Viruses and the Elderly Laura Jartti1 Henriikka Langen1 Maria Soderlund-Venermo2 Tytti Vuorinen3 Olli Ruuskanen4 and Tuomas Jartti 4 Department of Geriatrics Turku City Hospital Turku Finland 2Department of Virology University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland 3Department of Virology University of Turku Turku Finland 4Department of Pediatrics Turku University Hospital Turku Finland Abstract The diagnostics of respiratory viral infections has improved markedly during the last 15 years with the development of PCR techniques. Since 1997 several new respiratory viruses and their subgroups have been discovered influenza A viruses H5N1 and H1N1 human metapneumovirus coronaviruses SARS NL63 and HKU1 human bocavirus human rhinoviruses C and D and potential respiratory pathogens the KI and WU polyomaviruses and the torque teno virus. The detection of previously known viruses has also improved. Currently a viral cause of respiratory illness is almost exclusively identifiable in children but in the elderly the detection rates of a viral etiology are below 40 and this holds also true for exacerbations of chronic respiratory illnesses. The new viruses cause respiratory symptoms like the common cold cough bronchitis bronchiolitis exacerbations of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pneumonia. Acute respiratory failure may occur. These viruses are distributed throughout the globe and affect people of all ages. Data regarding these viruses and the elderly are scarce. This review introduces these new viruses and reviews their clinical significance especially with regard to the elderly population. Keywords Bocavirus coronavirus elderly influenza virus metapneumovirus polyomavirus respiratory infection torque teno virus. INTRODUCTION Life expectancy has increased globally over the past two centuries by almost 30 years 1 and only over the last five decades by almost 20 years. This very recent phenomenon

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