TAILIEUCHUNG - Chemistry of Petrochemical Processes 2nd Edition

When the first edition Chemistry of Petrochemical Processes was written, the etention was to introduce to the users a simplified approach to a diversified subject dealing with the chemistry and technology of var_ious petroleum and petrochemical process. | This book is dedicated to the memory of Professor Lewis Hatch 1912-1991 a scholar an educator and a sincere friend. ChemSsiry of PETROCHEMICAL PROCESSES 2nd Edition Copyright 1994 2000 by Gulf Publishing Company Houston Texas. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This book or parts thereof may not be reproduced in any form without permission of the publisher. Gulf Publishing Company Book Division . Box 2608 Houston Texas 77252-2608 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Printed on acid-free paper rc . Contents Preface to Second Preface to First Edition .xiii CHAPTER ONE Primary Raw Materials for Petrochemicals .1 Introduction 1 Natural Gas 1 Natural Gas Treatment Processes 3 Natural Gas Liquids 8 Properties of Natural Gas 10 Crude Oils 11 Composition of Crude Oils 12 Properties of Crude Oils 19 Crude Oil Classification 21 Coal Oil Shale Tar Sand and Gas Hydrates 22 References 26 CHAPTER TWO Hydrocarbon Intermediates .29 Introduction 29 Paraffinic Hydrocarbons 29 Methane 30 Ethane 30 Propane 31 Butanes 31 Olefinic Hydrocarbons 32 Ethylene 32 Propylene 33 Butylenes 34 Dienes 36 Butadiene 37 Isoprene 37 Aromatic Hydrocarbons 37 Extraction of Aromatics 38 Liquid Petroleum Fractions and Residues 42 Naphtha 43 Kerosine 45 Gas Oil 46 Residual Fuel Oil 47 References 47 v CHAPTER THREE Crude Oil Processing and Production of Hydrocarbon Introduction 49 Physical Separation Processes 49 Atmospheric Distillation 50 Vacuum Distillation 51 Absorption Process 52 Adsorption Process 52 Solvent Extraction 53 Conversion Processes 54 Thermal Conversion Processes 55 Catalytic Conversion Processes 60 Production of Olefins 91 Steam Cracking of Hydrocarbons 91 Production of Diolefins 101 References 107 CHAPTER FOUR Nonhydrocarbon Introduction 111 Hydrogen 111 Sulfur 114 Uses of Sulfur 116 The Claus Process 116 Sulfuric Acid 117 Carbon Black 118 The Channel Process 119 The Furnace Black Process 119 The .

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