TAILIEUCHUNG - The Challenges of Complex IT Projects

If the initial target is set as a result of competitive tendering, then the employer may feel some assurance that he is obtaining ‘value for money’. But if the target is negotiated or later has to be varied, then the employer may feel that the contractor’s knowledge of his intended methods and costs may enable him to add a margin in the target estimate to safeguard his position. This means that it is improbable that the target cost will ever be lower than the contractor’s privately estimated bottom line price | Royal Academy ENGINEERING The Challenges of Complex IT Projects The report of a working group from The Royal Academy of Engineering and The British Computer Society 0BCS THE BRITISH COMPUTER SOCIETY The Challenges of Complex IT Projects The Royal Academy of Engineering ISBN 1-903496-15-2 April 2004 Published by The Royal Academy of Engineering 29 Great Peter Street Westminster London SW1P 3LW Telephone 0202 7227 0500 Facsimile 020 7233 0054 The Royal Academy of Engineering is a Registered Charity No. 293074 The Challenges of Complex IT Projects Table of Contents Page Page Executive Summary 4 2. Key Success Factors 23 Background 4 Client-Supplier relationship 23 Study Overview 4 Contractual arrangements 24 Findings and Recommendations 4 Evolutionary project management 25 Requirements management 26 Introduction 7 Change management 26 Cause for concern 7 Measuring progress 27 A familiar problem 9 Risk management 27 Today s challenges 11 Technical issues 29 Part I The Challenges of Software Part III Findings and Engineering and IT Projects 13 Recommendations 33 An engineering discipline 13 Professionalism 33 Education 34 1. Characteristics of IT projects 13 Project management 35 Lack of constraints 13 Risk management 36 Visualisation 14 Systems architects 36 Flexibility 14 UK Software Engineering Institute 37 Complexity 15 UK Complex IT Systems Research Uncertainty 16 Programme 37 Software and failure 16 Supporting change 17 Advice for Senior Management Five Key Issues 39 2. IT and software engineering practice 17 Appendix I Membership of the Best practice and professionalism 17 Working Group 41 Pace of change 18 Appendix II List of Contributors 42 Reinvention 19 Appendix III Project Risks and Management of software Sources of Best Practice 44 engineering projects 19 Appendix IV Glossary and Progress 20 Abbreviations 46 Part II Building for Success 21 1. The Key Players 21 Senior management 21 End users 21 Systems architect 22 Project manager 22 Notes

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• Functional analysis
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