TAILIEUCHUNG - Applications of virtual environments in medicine

By 2020, a better molecular definition of “health” and “ill-health” will have been achieved and early markers that identify the transition between the two states will have been identified. This will be delivered by studying cellular and molecular mechanisms of both states and by studying the interplay between environmental factors to which the population is exposed and their genetic make-up. Classifying diseases at the genetic, molecular and cell functional levels will forge a stepwise change in a disease treatment and prevention that is already far advanced for some diseases, . the stratified treatment of some cancers has. | 524 2003 Schattauer GmbH Methods MIM 0161 Applications of Virtual Environments in Medicine G. Riva Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab. Istituto Auxologico Italiano Milan Italy Summary Objective This paper intends to investigate the role of virtual reality VR in medicine. In particular it outlines the current state of research and technology that is relevant to the development of effective virtual environments in medicine. Method After describing the two different visions of VR we can find in medicine - the presentation of virtual objects to all of the human senses in a way identical to their natural counterpart and a new human-computer interaction paradigm in which users are active participants within a computer-generated threedimensional virtual world - the paper presents some of the most interesting applications actually developed in the area. Finally it discusses the clinical principles technological devices and safety issues associated with the use of VR in medicine. Conclusions The possible impact of VR on health care could be even higher than the one offered by the new communication technologies like Internet. In fact VR is at the same tima technology a communication interface and an experience a communication interface based on interactive 3D visualization able to collect and integrate in single real-like experience different inputs and data sets. However significant efforts are still required to move VR into commercial success and therefore routine clinical use. Keywords Virtual reality medical education surgical simulation neuropsychological rehabilitation Methods Inf Med 2003 42 524-34 1. Introduction As recently noted by Satava and Jones 1 the advantages of virtual environments VEs to health care can be summarized in a single word revolutionary. Since the development of methods of electronic communication clinicians have been using information and communication technologies in health care telegraphy telephony radio and television have been used

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