TAILIEUCHUNG - Biomaterial scaffold fabrication techniques for potential tissue engineering applications

One of the main advantages of this technique is that it can produce the scaffold with main structural feature suitable for growth of the cell and subsequent tissue organization (Li & Tuan, 2009; Liang et al., 2007; Leong et al., 2008). It can produce the ultra fine fibers with special orientation, high aspect ratio, high surface area, and having control over pore geometry. These characteristics are favorable for better cellular growth for in vitro and in vivo because they directly influence the cell adhesion, cell expression, and transportation of oxygen, nutrients to the cells. This provides spatial. | 7 Biomaterial scaffold fabrication techniques for potential tissue engineering applications B. Subia J. Kundu and s. c. Kundu kundu@ Department of Bioteehnology Indian Institute of Teehnology Kharagpur - 72 13 02 India 1. Introduction The dearth of availability of tissues and organs for transplantation as well as inconvenience associated with their transplantation such as donor site morbidity immune rejection and pathogen transfer led to the emergence of the discipline of tissue engineering. Following its inception in the scientific community since the last two decades the research and development in this emerging field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine has progressed in a very rapid rate Kretlow Mikos 2008 . Tissue engineering is an interdisciplinary field that applies the principles of engineering and life sciences toward the development of biological substitutes that restore maintain or improve function of tissue or whole organ chen et al. 1997 Bhatia et al. 1999 Huang Ingber 2000 chiu et al. 2000 2003 . Tissue engineering has emerged as a new method involving the combining of cells scaffold and bioactive agents to fabricate functional new tissue to replace damaged tissue Flanagan et al. 2006 chen et al. 2002 Solchaga et al. 2001 . A well-designed three-dimensional scaffold is one of the fundamental tools to guide tissue formation in vitro and in vivo. Frontiers areas in medicine is changing rapidly from utilizing synthetic implants and tissue grafts to a tissue engineering approach that uses degradable porous material scaffolds integrated with biological cells or molecules to regenerate tissues Hollister et al. 2005 . Therefore the selection of scaffold is important to enable the cells to behave in the desired manner to generate tissues and organs of the desired shape and size. Charaeteristies of seaffolds 1 Biocompatibility to avoid unwanted host tissue responses to the implant Ma Langer 1999 . 2 It should have the excellent

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• feature suitable
• tissue organization
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• Biological and Epidemiological
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• Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders