TAILIEUCHUNG - Biofuel's Engineering Process Technology Part 11

Tham khảo tài liệu 'biofuel's engineering process technology part 11', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Pyrolysis Oil Stabilisation by Catalytic Hydrotreatment 391 Fig. 4. Composition of fast pyrolysis oil and hydrotreated product oils Ru C 350 C 200 bar at various reaction times using solvent-solvent extraction It shows the amounts of the various fractions carbohydrates aldehydes ketones lignin monomers hydrocarbons acids and esters as a function of the reaction time. A fast decline in the carbohydrate fraction versus time is visible. Almost complete conversion to other components within 6 h reaction time is observed an indication of the high reactivity of this fraction. Experimental studies with Ru C in continuous set-ups Recently in depth catalytic hydrotreatment experiments with the Ru C catalyst in a continuous packed bed set-up were reported Venderbosch et al. 2010 . The results of this study will be provided in detail in the following as it provides detailed insights in the effect of process conditions on product yields product properties and the various reactions taking place on a molecular level. Some experiments were carried out in the absence of catalysts to probe thermal reactions. The catalytic hydrotreatment reactions were carried out in a set-up consisting of 4 packed bed reactors in series. The temperature in each reactor may be varied independently allowing experiments at different temperature profiles over the length of the reactor. Typical pressures were between 150 and 300 bar temperatures between 150 and 400 C and WHSV s between 2-10 kg . In the following the thermal reactions will be discussed followed by catalytic hydrotreatment reactions at different temperature levels. Thermal reactions To study the thermal non-catalytic reaction in detail pyrolysis oil was pumped through the reactor without catalyst at pressures of up to 300 bar and temperatures of maximum 350 oC for residence times in the order of tenths of second - minutes. Typically under these conditions a single-phase pyrolysis oil is converted into a viscous .

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