TAILIEUCHUNG - Environmental Impact of Biofuels Part 11

Tham khảo tài liệu 'environmental impact of biofuels part 11', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 192 Environmental Impact of Biofuels as an energy carrier. Table 1 lists European data on rapeseed and rapeseed oi including the top 4 producing countries. 1 production 2009 rapeseed production World ranking a 2009 area harvested 2009 crop yield 2005-2009 avg. crop yield b 2009 rapeseed oil production 103 tonne 103 tonne 103 ha tonne ha tonne ha Germany 4th France 5th Poland 7th UK 8th Total EU-27 - - Top-4 share - - - World rankings for 2008 11 1 minimum and maximum rapeseed yields in brackets. Table 1. Rapeseed and rapeseed oil production in the EU-27 including major producers. FAOSTAT 2011 EUROSTAT 2011 Vegetable oils are currently used as diesel fuel for automotive purposes and in thermal and power plants for heat and electricity production. Even though technological challenges for the use of straight vegetable oils have been overcome there are still several non-technical barriers namely the need for systems adaptation to run on svo and the lack of a fuel distribution network which do not occur with fossil fuels. Moreover higher vegetable oil costs in comparison to fossil fuels also halt the market penetration of stationary svo applications as shown by the lower prices of heavy fuel oil for industry Tables 2 and 3 . For automotive applications however fuel costs work as an incentive for the promotion of svo with svo prices lower than automotive fossil diesel prices. On the other hand the use of svo seems very promising in developing countries where self energy production at minimal costs is of greatest importance. The development of vegetable oil production chains combining simpler production technology with lower production costs - . mechanical oilseed presses hand- or fuel-driven - is an approach that may greatly contribute for the socio-economic welfare of

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