TAILIEUCHUNG - Advanced Biomedical Engineering Part 2

Tham khảo tài liệu 'advanced biomedical engineering part 2', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Spatial Unmasking of Speech Based on Near-Field Distance Cues 11 Discussion For a target and masker talker located at a fixed azimuth target identification improved when the target was moved increasingly nearer to the head relative to the case where both talkers were co-located at 1 m but got worse when the masker moved closer. This basic pattern of results was likely driven by energetic effects the closer source dominates the mixture and this either increases or reduces the effective TMR at the better ear depending on which source is moved. The remaining benefit of spatial separation after the TMR changes were accounted for was restricted to a better-ear TMR region around 0 dB. This region is approximately where the psychometric function for the co-located case shows a clear plateau which is no longer present in the separated cases. This plateau has been described previously Egan et al. 1954 Dirks and Bower 1969 Brungart et al. 2001 and is thought to represent the fact that listeners have the most difficulty segregating two co-located talkers when they are equal in level 0-dB TMR but with differences in level listeners can attend to either the quieter or the louder talker. Apparently the perception of separation in distance also alleviates the particular difficulty of equal-level talkers by providing a dimension along which to focus attention selectively. This finding adds to a growing body of evidence indicating that spatial differences can aid perceptual grouping and selective attention. Interestingly the effect does not appear to be all or nothing larger separations in distance gave rise to larger perceptual benefits. The lack of a spatial benefit at other TMRs especially at highly negative TMRs suggests that the main problem was audibility and not confusion between the target and the masker. Consistent with this idea in the co-located condition masker errors made up a larger proportion of the total errors as the TMR approached 0 dB. In Experiment 1 the .

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