TAILIEUCHUNG - Gale Encyclopedia Of American Law 3Rd Edition Volume 7 P4

Gale Encyclopedia of American Law Volume 7 P4 fully illuminates today's leading cases, major statutes, legal terms and concepts, notable persons involved with the law, important documents and more. Legal issues are fully discussed in easy-to-understand language, including such high-profile topics as the Americans with Disabilities Act, capital punishment, domestic violence, gay and lesbian rights, physician-assisted suicide and thousands more. | 18 McKENNA JOSEPH Joseph McKenna. PHOTOGRAPH BY HARRIS EWING. COLLECTION OFTHE SUPREMECOURTOFTHE UNITED STATES. as county district attorney 1866-1870 . Congressman justice of the Ninth . Circuit court 1892-1897 and briefly . attorney general 1897 . His controversial nomination to the Supreme Court in 1897 led to a twenty-seven-year tenure. McKenna was born in Philadelphia on August 10 1843 to Irish immigrant parents. He became head of the family at age fifteen when his father died shortly after moving the eight-member household to California. By age 22 and while working several jobs McKenna had studied enough law on his own to pass the California bar. One year later despite little experience he was elected district attorney for Solano County. He owed his rapid success to help from railroad baron leland Stanford the state s governor. In time his loyalty to Stanford earned him three straight Republican nominations for Congress. He finally won in 1885. In Washington . McKenna opposed business regulations supported federal land grants to the railroads and sponsored legislation that would have made Chinese immigrants carry identification cards. In 1892 on the urging of Stanford who had become a . senator President benjamin harrison appointed McKenna to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. Opponents protested that McKenna was unqualified and moreover beholden to railroad interests but the nomination succeeded. He held the seat for four years largely without incident or note yet occasionally he proved his critics right about his allegiances. In Southern Pacific Co. v. Board of Railroad Commissioners 78 F. 236 . Cal. 1896 for example he blocked the California legislature s attempt to set railroad fares arguing that the proposed rates were unfair to the railroads. While serving on the Ways and Means Committee in Congress McKenna had befriended fellow Republican william mckinley. McKinley became president in 1896 and in 1897 made McKenna . attorney .

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