TAILIEUCHUNG - BROMINATED AND CHLORINATED ORGANIC CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS USED AS FLAME RETARDANT

In arid and semi-arid regions, evapotranspiration rates are much higher, recharge is less, flow paths longer and residence times much greater and hence much higher levels of natural mineralisation, often dominated by sodium and chloride, can be encountered. Thus the major ion contents and TDS are often high. In some desert regions, even if groundwater can be found it may be so salty (extremely high TDS) as to be undrinkable, and the difficulty of meeting even the most basic domestic requirements can have serious impacts on health and livelihood. . | BROMINATED AND CHLORINATED ORGANIC CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS USED AS FLAME RETARDANTS Materials for the December 4-5 2008 Meeting of the California Environmental Contaminant Biomonitoring Program CECBP Scientific Guidance Panel SGP Agenda Item Consideration of Potential Designated Chemicals Introduction Many brominated and chlorinated compounds have been shown to persist in the environment and have been associated with adverse health effects including cancer reproductive and developmental toxicity and endocrine disruption. A number of brominated and chlorinated organic chemical compounds are used as flame retardants BFRs and CFRs . The underlying structures of BFRs and CFRs vary widely and include straight-chain paraffins cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons aromatic hydrocarbons and organophosphate compounds. Flame retardants can be either reactive or additive. Additive flame retardants are incorporated into a product but are not chemically bound so that over time they migrate out of the product and into the environment . house dust sewage sludge food chain . In contrast reactive flame retardants are chemically bound to material in the product. The bound chemicals are not released from products but residual unreacted flame retardant present in the product can be released and lead to human exposure. In California all upholstered furniture manufactured or sold in the State has to meet flammability standards specified in Technical Bulletin No. 117 promulgated by the Bureau of Home Furnishings and Thermal Insulation. California is the only state that has such a requirement. This regulation has resulted in extensive use of additive chemical flame retardants particularly BFRs and CFRs in furniture sold in California for over 25 years. To avoid the expense of having a separate product line for California and to voluntarily comply with the most stringent flammability requirements in the . many large manufacturers and distributors of furniture or furniture components have had flame

• Hoá dầu
• Photodecomposition
• Behaviors of Pesticides
• Water Supply
• Alumina Carrier
• Titanium Dioxide
• Dioxide Photocatalyst
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