TAILIEUCHUNG - ARGUMENTATIVE PATTERNS AND LINGUISTIC DEVICES

Argumentation has been traditionally the domain of rhetorics and logics, rather than linguistics. Since Aristotle’s time, scholars have studied how ideas are organized in different ways to make an argument. Aristotle was the first person who realized two main constituent of an argument, a Position, and its Justification. Later on Ad Herennium (862BC) expanded the argumentation structure to include five parts: a proposition, a reason, a proof of the reason, an embellishment and a resume. In modern time, Toulmin (1976) put forward a model of argumentation which closely resembles the ancient one, including a claim, data, and warrant. Hatim (1990). | Báo cáo tốt nghiệp Đề tài ARGUMENTATIVE PATTERNS AND LINGUISTIC DEVICES TRƯỜNG KHOA. CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION . Rationale Argumentation has been traditionally the domain of rhetorics and logics rather than linguistics. Since Aristotle s time scholars have studied how ideas are organized in different ways to make an argument. Aristotle was the first person who realized two main constituent of an argument a Position and its Justification. Later on Ad Herennium 86-2BC expanded the argumentation structure to include five parts a proposition a reason a proof of the reason an embellishment and a resume. In modern time Toulmin 1976 put forward a model of argumentation which closely resembles the ancient one including a claim data and warrant. Hatim 1990 identified two patterns of argumentation through-argumentation and counter-argumentation. These two patterns differ in the way thesis is presented. In the former thesis is cited to argued through in the latter thesis is the other side s claim which is cited to be opposed by writer s claim. Linguistic study of argumentation is restricted to a small number including that of Werlich 1976 and Biber 1988 . Biber studied argumentative texts in English using corpus-linguistics methodology and discovered that they are characterized by a cluster of grammatical structures including modals suasive verbs conditional subordination nominal clauses and to-infinitives. According to Hatch 1992 argumentation is realized differently in different languages. Although several attempts have been made cross-cultural comparison of argumentation is still at embryonic stage Hatim 1990 . Hatim did a research into argumentative pattern in English and Arabic. The findings reveal an interesting difference that English prefers counter-argumentation while Arabic opt for through-argumentation. Biber 1995 made a cross-linguistic study on the variation of registers genres and found that grammatical features characterizing argumentative texts vary to a .

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