TAILIEUCHUNG - The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics Part 75

The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics Part 75. In the past decade, Cognitive Linguistics has developed into one of the most dynamic and attractive frameworks within theoretical and descriptive linguistics The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics is a major new reference that presents a comprehensive overview of the main theoretical concepts and descriptive/theoretical models of Cognitive Linguistics, and covers its various subfields, theoretical as well as applied. | 710 RAyMGND W. GIBBS JR. 25 a. a piece slice of the action b. a skeleton in the closet cupboard c. the calm lull before the storm d. hold a gun pistol to someone s head e. throw ones hat cap into the ring Variations of adjectives are less common than those of nouns or verbs but several examples illustrate that changing adjectives is not disruptive for many phrases figurative meanings. Consider the following 26 a. a bad rotten apple b. a level even playing field c. close near to the bone d. the best greatest thing since sliced bread Prepositional and adverbial participles may also exhibit little shift in meaning as seen in the following instances 27 a. at in a single sitting b. by in leaps and bounds c. on along the right lines d. out of from thin air e. go round around in circles Finally conjunctions may vary as seen in the following instances 28 a. hit and miss hit or miss b. when if push comes to shove c. when while the cat s away the mice will play Not surprisingly the analyzability of idioms influences people s intuitions about their lexical flexibility. A series of studies examined the role of semantic analyzability on the lexical flexibility of idioms Gibbs et al. 1989 . Participants were presented with a series of phrases that were left unchanged . pop the question had their verbs substituted with relatively synonymous words . burst the question had their nouns substituted with synonymous words . pop the request or had both their verbs and nouns changed . burst the request . Accompanying each phrase was a figurative definition of the unchanged idiom . propose marriage . The participants task was simply to read each phrase and judge its similarity in meaning to the paraphrase. Changing the verbs and nouns of both semantically decomposable and nondecomposable idioms was disruptive to their figurative meanings. However changing the lexical items in semantically nonde-composable idioms was far more disruptive to these phrases figurative .

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