TAILIEUCHUNG - Chapter 187. Mumps

Mumps is an acute, systemic, communicable viral infection whose most distinctive feature is swelling of one or both parotid glands. Involvement of other salivary glands, the meninges, the pancreas, and the gonads also is common. Etiologic Agent Mumps virus, a paramyxovirus, is pleomorphic and has a diameter ranging from 100 to 300 nm. The virion is composed of RNA and seven proteins. The RNA is surrounded by an envelope composed of glycoproteins, including a hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN), a hemolysis cell fusion antigen (F), and a matrix envelope protein (M). A fourth protein (SH) may also be membrane-associated. There are three. | Chapter 187. Mumps Definition Mumps is an acute systemic communicable viral infection whose most distinctive feature is swelling of one or both parotid glands. Involvement of other salivary glands the meninges the pancreas and the gonads also is common. Etiologic Agent Mumps virus a paramyxovirus is pleomorphic and has a diameter ranging from 100 to 300 nm. The virion is composed of RNA and seven proteins. The RNA is surrounded by an envelope composed of glycoproteins including a hemagglutinin-neuraminidase HN a hemolysis cell fusion antigen F and a matrix envelope protein M . A fourth protein SH may also be membrane-associated. There are three internal components a nucleocapsid protein NP a phosphoprotein P and a large protein L . There is only one antigenic type of mumps virus. Polymerase chain reaction PCR has detected geographic differences among mumps viruses from different locales. Epidemiology After the introduction of mumps vaccine in 1967 the incidence of clinical mumps declined significantly in the United States. In 1968 before widespread immunization 185 691 cases of mumps were reported in this country. The 231-277 cases reported annually in 2001-2005 represent a 99 reduction from prevaccine levels. Before widespread vaccination the incidence of mumps was highest in the winter and spring with epidemics every 2-5 years. At that time mumps was principally a disease of childhood although today 50 of cases occur in young adults. Epidemics tended to occur in confined populations . in schools and the military services . The incubation period of mumps generally ranges from 14 to 18 days with extremes of 7 and 23 days. However because a contact may be shedding virus before the onset of clinical disease or like one-third of patients may have subclinical infection the incubation period in individual cases is often uncertain. One attack of mumps usually confers lifelong immunity. Longterm immunity is also associated with immunization. Pathogenesis Mumps virus is

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