TAILIEUCHUNG - Chapter 185. Measles (Rubeola)

Measles (rubeola) is a highly contagious, acute, exanthematous respiratory disease with a characteristic clinical picture and a pathognomonic enanthem: Koplik's spots, an eruption on the buccal mucous membranes (Fig. 185-1). Figure 185-1 Koplik's spots, which manifest as white or bluish lesions with an erythematous halo on the buccal mucosa, usually occur in the first 2 days of measles symptoms and may briefly overlap the measles exanthem. T | Chapter 185. Measles Rubeola Definition Measles rubeola is a highly contagious acute exanthematous respiratory disease with a characteristic clinical picture and a pathognomonic enanthem Koplik s spots an eruption on the buccal mucous membranes Fig. 185-1 . Figure 185-1 Source F ud K sp r DL . Braunv. aid Hiuitr SLr Longo Jimaron JLj. Lũseal to Ji Wim iw jr ử rtềdíỚM 17th E d ỉ X i 0 n http iif a cce s ÍITI e d I elm e. com Copyright Q The McGraw-Hill Compiniii ir All right rAMFrtd. Koplik s spots which manifest as white or bluish lesions with an erythematous halo on the buccal mucosa usually occur in the first 2 days of measles symptoms and may briefly overlap the measles exanthem. The presence of the erythematous halo differentiates Koplik s spots from Fordyce s spots ectopic sebaceous glands which occur in the mouths of healthy individuals. Source Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Photo selected by Dr. Kenneth Kaye. A successful live attenuated measles vaccine became available in 1963 in the United States and elsewhere and measles is now an unusual disease in most developed countries where this vaccine is widely used. However measles continues to occur sporadically in miniepidemics in the United States and major epidemics in developing nations make this disease a persistent cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. In 2000 measles was the fifth leading cause of childhood mortality worldwide with an estimated 777 000 deaths. The incidence of global measles in 2004 is shown in Fig. 185-2. Figure 185-2 Worldwide reported measles incidence rate per 100 000 population 2004. Source WHO IBVdatabase 2005. This map does not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country territory city or area of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Etiologic Agent Measles virus is the only member of the genus Morbillivirus that

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