TAILIEUCHUNG - The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics Part 57

The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics Part 57. In the past decade, Cognitive Linguistics has developed into one of the most dynamic and attractive frameworks within theoretical and descriptive linguistics The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics is a major new reference that presents a comprehensive overview of the main theoretical concepts and descriptive/theoretical models of Cognitive Linguistics, and covers its various subfields, theoretical as well as applied. | 530 RICHARD HUDSON Figure . The semantics and syntax of the verbs SOUND and HEAR dependencies between words and a semantic structure consists of labeled dependencies between the concepts expressed by these words. Moreover the labels reflect a hierarchical classification so each relationship can be identified at a number of different levels of generality. For example in syntax object isa complement and similarly in semantics hearer isa perceiver which isa experienced and so on. In principle then Word Grammar provides a good framework for exploring whatever generalizations can be made about the mapping from semantic relations to syntactic ones Gisborne 2001 Holmes 2005 . Figure shows subnetworks for the verbs HEAR and SOUND which illustrate this claim Gisborne 1996 . In words the subject and object of HEAR define the hearer er and hear-ee ee whereas SOUND has a more complex semantic structure. Sounding is a kind of Judging in which the evidence is an example of Hearing the individual to whom the judgment applies for example if John sounds nice to me I base the judgment that John is nice on hearing John. Another possibility is that my evidence is hearing something other than John this meaning requires a slightly different analysis which may be combined with the one presented here. The network approach allows analyses of very rich and complex areas of real-world knowledge such as the scenes scripts or frames analyzed in a variety of other frameworks Sowa 1984 Barsalou 1992 157 Luger and Stubblefield 1993 368-86 . It has the great advantage of avoiding all boundary problems which arise in theories which assume rigid frames in which each item of information must be assigned to a single frame. For example the concept Money belongs in part to the WORD GRAMMAR 531 Figure . The syntax and semantics of the words A SMALL CAT and MEOW Commercial Transaction scene but it also belongs to many other scenes Work Banking Economics Richness and many more. In a network

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