TAILIEUCHUNG - Behavioral Finance vesus Srandard Finance

Finance practitioners and academics are, or should be, interested in the following questions: .Why do investors like dividends? .Why do investors hate to realize losses? .Why do investors prefer stocks of "good" companies? .How are expected returns determined? .What kjnds of securities do investors like? .What are the forces that shape financial regulations? | Behavioral Finance versus standard Finance Meir Statman Professor Department of Finance Leavey School of Business Santa Clara University Behavioral finance is built on the framework of standard finance but supplies a replacement for standard finance as a descriptive theory. Behavioral finance reflects a different model of human behavior and is constructed of different components prospect theory cognitive errors problems of self-control and the pain of regret. These components help make sense of the world of finance including investor preferences the design of modem financial products and financial regulations by making sense of normal investor behavior. Finance practitioners and academics are or should be interested in the following questions Why do investors like dividends Why do investors hate to realize losses Why do investors prefer stocks of good companies How are expected returns determined What kinds of securities do investors like What are the forces that shape financial regulations The range of questions is wide. It includes investor behavior the interaction of investors in markets which determines security prices and the interaction of citizens in public policy arenas which determines financial regulations. Standard finance the body of knowledge that is built on such pillars as the arbitrage principles of Merton Miller and Franco Modigliani the portfolio construction principles of Harry Markowitz the capital asset pricing theory of John Lintner and William Sharpe and the option-pricing theory of Fischer Black Myron Scholes and Robert Merton is so compelling because it uses only a few basic components to build a unified theory a theory that should provide answers to all the questions of finance. Few theories however are fully consistent with all the available empirical evidence and standard finance is no exception. For example Miller 1986 readily acknowledges that the observed preference for cash dividends is one of the soft spots in the current body of .

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